“双一流”建设视角下地方高水平大学发展的困境与对策

The Dilemma and Counter Measures of the Development of Local High-level Universities from the Perspective of“Double First-class”Construction

新一轮“双一流”建设为地方高水平大学发展打开了政策窗口。对38所地方高水平大学的领导干部进行深度访谈后发现:“双一流”建设加剧地方高水平大学引才育才聚才难、经费匮乏来源单一、内外部治理现代化程度低等“新老问题”。运用“阶段启发法”概念性框架,将地方高水平大学的发展纳入“双一流”建设政策过程加以分析可知:国家层面缺少对地方高水平大学的“荣誉性”肯定和“物质性”支持,地方政府存在对“建设性”政策的“结果性”误读和“身份性”误用,地方高水平大学仍有“求大求全”的外在制度诱导和内在组织差距。应当在国家层面为地方高水平大学及其优势特色学科发展开辟“新赛道”,由地方政府搭建产教融合平台、创设良好治理环境,地方高水平大学则要精准合理定位、优化内部治理、拓展多元筹资渠道。

The new round of“double first-class”construction has opened a policy window for the development of local high-level universities.After in-depth interviews with the leading cadres of 38 local high-level universities,it is found that the construction of“double first-class”intensifies the“new and old problems”of the local high-level universities,such as the difficulty in attracting and cultivating talents,the lack of funds and the single source,and the low degree of modernization of internal and external governance.Using the conceptual framework of“stage heurism”,this paper analyzes the development of local high-level universities into the policy process of“double first-class”construction.At the national level,there is a lack of“honor”affirmation and“materiality”support for local high-level universities,local governments misinterpret the“outcome”and misuse the“identity”of“constructive”policies,and local high-level universities still have the external institutional induction and internal organizational gap of“seeking big and complete”.At the national level,a“new track”should be opened for the development of local high-level universities and their advantageous disciplines.Local governments should build platforms for integrating industry and education and create a good governance environment,while local high-level universities should position themselves accurately and reasonably,optimize internal governance,and expand diversified financing channels.