视野受限下考虑恐慌情绪的人员疏散模型研究

Research on personnel evacuation model considering panic emotion under limited visibility

为探究突发紧急情况下行人视野受限情境中不同恐慌情绪行人的微观寻路行为,通过量化疏散行人恐慌传播机制并耦合心理情绪分级-决策理论,对现有元胞自动机模型进行改进,构建差异化恐慌情绪作用下的人员疏散模型,分析行人分布模式、恐慌分级因子和行人视野范围对行人疏散效率和恐慌演化规律的影响。研究结果表明:行人中心分布模式的疏散时间和平均恐慌值均大于行人随机分布模式;相同疏散条件下,中心分布模式中的中度恐慌者和重度恐慌者比例均高于随机分布模式;疏散恐慌分级因子会影响行人疏散时间和平均恐慌值;一定程度上增大行人视野范围,可有效提高疏散效率并控制恐慌情绪蔓延。

In order to explore the microscopic path-finding behavior of pedestrians with different panic emotions in the situation of limited pedestrian field of vision in emergency situations,the existing cellular automata model was improved by quantifying the panic propagation mechanism of evacuation pedestrians and coupling the theory of psychological emotion grading-decision.An evacuation model under the action of differentiated panic emotions was constructed,and the influence of pedestrian distribution pattern,pedestrian field of vision and panic grading factors on the pedestrian evacuation efficiency and panic evolution law was analyzed.The results show that the evacuation time and average panic value under the pedestrian center distribution pattern are larger than those under the pedestrian random distribution pattern,and under the same evacuation conditions,both the proportions of moderate panic person and severe panic person under the center distribution pattern are higher than those under the random distribution pattern.The evacuation panic grading factor will affect the pedestrian evacuation time and the average panic value.Increasing the pedestrians’field of vision to a certain extent can effectively improve the evacuation efficiency and control the propagation of panic emotion.