法家语境下的黄帝形象及其历史意蕴

The image of Huangdi in the Legalism context and its historical implication

中华民族的黄帝观主要在先秦时代建立并发展,先秦时代诸子百家涉及黄帝的言论,对理解黄帝文化的形成有重要意义。在诸子百家涉及黄帝的言论中,儒家对黄帝的认可度并不高,道家和法家则相对重视黄帝这一历史形象。在法家思想家的笔下,黄帝拥有的立法者和统一者的形象,标志着法家和黄帝虽然所处时代不同,但都处于法治文明和政治文明大变革、大发展的时期。恰由于黄帝处于中华文明史上的关键节点,其作为中华文明的血缘始祖和人文始祖,方具有一定的历史必然性。

The Chinese nation′s view of Huangdi was mainly established and developed in the pre-Qin period and the comments of a hundred schools of thought about Huangdi are of great significance for understanding the formation of Huangdi culture.This paper attempts to interpret the image of Huangdi from the perspective of historical philosophy,and points out the reason why Taoism and Legalism attached importance to the historical image of Huangdi while Confucianism held low recognition.Taoists thought of Huangdi′s image as a legislator and unifier,which symbolizes that although the legalists and Huangdi were in different times,they were both in a period of great transformation and development of legal and political civilization.Analyzing these ideas helps deepen the understanding of Huangdi′s image and the historical inevitability of Huangdi as the ancestor and initiator of Chinese civilization.