苯并三唑紫外光稳定剂对斑马鱼成鱼的免疫毒性

Immunotoxicity of Benzotriazole Ultraviolet Stabilizers in Adult Zebrafish(Danio rerio)

苯并三唑类紫外光稳定剂(benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers,BUVSs)是一类具有环境持久性、生物累积性和内分泌干扰效应的新兴污染物,在水环境和水生生物体内广泛检出。研究表明BUVSs可引起免疫相关通路的分子响应,影响鱼类早期发育,然而目前不同结构BUVSs对成鱼的免疫毒性效应研究十分有限。因此,本文选取4种BUVSs(UV-234、UV-326、UV-329和UV-P),在10μg·L^(-1)浓度下对斑马鱼成鱼暴露28 d,观察斑马鱼肠道组织的病理学变化,并测定肠道、肾脏和血液中免疫相关蛋白表达水平,以评估不同结构的BUVSs对斑马鱼成鱼的肠道和免疫的影响。结果表明,10μg·L^(-1) UV-234、UV-329和UV-P暴露能够引起斑马鱼成鱼肠道杯状细胞减少、黏液增多和肠绒毛高度减小。免疫相关蛋白在不同BUVSs暴露后的表达存在差异,且具有组织特异性。其中,UV-234和UV-326暴露后引起芳香烃受体AhR和白细胞介素IL17/22的显著变化,同时UV-326、UV-329和UV-P均可抑制细胞色素P450家族CYP1A1表达。综上,BUVSs长期暴露能够引起斑马鱼成鱼肠道损伤并导致免疫毒性。

Benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers(BUVSs)are emerging pollutants with characteritics of environmental persistence,bioaccumulative potential and endocrine-disrupting effects.BUVSs have been widely detected in aquatic ecosystem.It is reported that BUVSs can disrupt immune-related pathways and affect early development of fish.However,the immunotoxicity of BUVSs congeners in adult fish is not well documented.In this study,adult zebrafish were exposed to 4 BUVSs(UV-234,UV-326,UV-329,and UV-P)at 10μg·L^(-1) for 28 d.Pathological changes of intestine were analyzed and the levels of immune-related proteins in intestine,kidney,and serum were measured.The results showed that a decrease in goblet cell number and intestinal villi height,as well as the increased mucus were observed in the intestine of adult zebrafish exposed to 10μg·L^(-1) UV-234,UV-329 and UV-P.Moreover,the expression of immune-related proteins was changed after BUVSs exposure with the tissue-dependent pattern.Specifically,significant alteration in protein levels of aryl hydrocarbon receptor(AhR)and interleukin(IL)17/22 was observed in UV-234 and UV-326 groups,while CYP1A1 expression was inhibited by UV-326,UV-329 and UV-P.Overall,our findings indicated that chronic exposure to BUVSs can cause intestinal damage and lead to immunotoxicity in adult zebrafish.