辣椒水肥一体化效应研究进展

Research Progress on Integration of Water and Fertilizer in Pepper

在作物生长过程中,水和肥是必不可少的两大要素,合理的灌溉和施肥对作物减投增效十分有利。传统的“大水大肥”方式不仅会降低水肥利用率,而且还加剧了农田土壤环境的污染问题。水肥一体化技术作为一项将水分和养分耦合运筹的新技术,可达到精准施肥、改善土壤环境、节水增产等目的,从而有效缓解资源与环境的矛盾问题,推动绿色农业的可持续发展。综述了辣椒的生长发育、干物质积累、水肥利用、产量及品质指标对水肥一体化的响应,并针对水肥一体化技术在农业生产中的实践应用,提出合理利用智能系统、多要素一体化技术和耦合模型规划建议,以期为水肥一体化技术在辣椒高产栽培中的应用提供参考。

In process of crop growth,water and fertilizer are two essential elements.Reasonable irrigation and fertilization are very be-neficial to crop reduction and efficiency increase.Traditional way of"flooding and fertilizing"will not only reduce utilization rate of wa-ter and fertilizer,but also aggravate pollution problem of farmland soil environment.Water-fertilizer integration technology,as a new technology of coupling water and nutrients,can achieve purposes of precise fertilization,improving soil environment,saving water and increasing production,thus effectively alleviating contradiction between resources and environment and promoting sustainable develop-ment of green agriculture.Response of pepper growth and development,dry matter accumulation,water and fertilizer utilization,yield and quality indicators to integration of water and fertilizer was summarized,and suggestions on rational utilization of intelligent system,multi-factor integration technology and coupling model planning were put forward aiming at practical application of this technology in ag-ricultural production,so as to provide reference for application of integration of water and fertilizer in pepper high-yield cultivation.