高校传统工科专业毕业生“慢就业”成因及对策分析

高校就业率出现整体下滑趋势,为缓解当前的“慢就业”现象,通过对当前就业形势及文献调研分析,针对“慢就业”现象逐渐突出的问题,以唐山学院机电工程学院在校生及近年部分毕业生为调研对象,通过抽样调查与座谈等方式,从“慢就业”的初始成因、当前状态及可能造成影响为切入点,从社会层面、学校层面、家庭层面及大学生的个人层面探讨缓解“慢就业”的主要改进措施。根据“慢就业”的影响因素,从夯实学校就业服务体系、密切校企合作关系、健全家庭就业观念和大学生自身转变的四种角度提出缓解“慢就业”现象的策略。在引导大学生就业的过程中,家庭作为大学生就业观念的初始基础,高校起到整体过程把控的作用,企业判定最终就业的完成与否,以及大学生在出现“慢就业”情况时如何抉择行动。“四位一体”协同适配,共同促进就业质量,才能更好地缓解“慢就业”情况的发生。

The university employment rate showed an overall downward trend.In order to alleviate the current"delayed employment",through the investigation and analysis of the current employment situation and literature,the college of mechanical and electrical engineering of Tangshan University graduates in recent years is taken as the research objects through sampling survey and discussion.Starting from the initial causes,current status and possible impact of"delayed employment",this paper discusses the main improvement measures to alleviate the phenomenon from the social level,school level,family level and individual level of college students.According to the influencing factors of"delayed employment",the phenomenon was put forward to alleviate it from four perspectives:consolidate the school employment service system,strengthen the cooperation between schools and enterprises,improve the concept of family employment,and transform students themselves.In the process of guiding college students'employment,the family is the initial foundation of college students'employment concept.Universities play a role in controlling the overall process.Enterprises determine whether the final employment is completed or not,and how college students choose to act in the case of"delayed employment".The"Four-in-one"coordinated adaptation and joint promotion of employment quality can better alleviate the occurrence of"delayed employment".