某地区药食同源食物真菌污染情况的调查研究

Investigation on Contamination of Food Fungi from the Same Origin of Medicine and Food in a Region

目的:调查湖南省常见药食同源食物的真菌污染情况。方法:用平板稀释法对18份药食同源食物表面污染真菌进行分离、纯化、培养,显微镜观察菌丝及菌落形态,鉴别真菌的种类。结果:3种药食同源食物存在真菌污染,污染率高达88.9%。共分离青霉13株,占分离总菌株数的28.3%;曲霉17株,占分离总菌株数的37.0%;枝孢菌5株,占分离总菌株数的10.9%。曲霉污染最严重,薄荷的曲霉污染率最高,为70.59%;百合的青霉污染率最高,为61.54%;薄荷的枝状枝孢霉污染率最高,为17.7%。结论:研究的药食同源食物均存在不同程度的真菌污染现象,以曲霉污染最为常见。

Objective:Investigate the fungal contamination of common medicinal and edible homologous foods in Hunan province.Method:Isolation,purification,and cultivation of fungi contaminated on the surface of 18 medicinal and food homologous foods were carried out using plate dilution method.The morphology of hyphae and colonies were observed under a microscope to identify the types of fungi.Result:There were fungal contaminations in all three Chinese herbal medicines,and the pollution rate was as high as 88.9%.A total of 13 strains of Penicillium were isolated,accounting for 28.3%of the total number of isolated strains;17 strains of Aspergillus,accounting for 37.0%of the total number of isolates;5 strains of Cladosporium,accounting for 10.9%of the total number of isolates.Aspergillus was the most polluted.The highest Aspergillus contamination rate of mint was 70.59%.Lily had the highest Penicillium pollution rate,with 61.54%.The pollution rate of mint’s Cladosporium is the highest,at 17.7%.Conclusion:All the medicinal and food homologous foods included in the study had different degrees of fungal contamination,among which Aspergillus was the most common contamination.