20世纪30年代“中国现代化”问题论争及其思想史意义

The Debate on“Chinese Modernization”in the 1930s and Its Significance in the History of Thought

20世纪20年代初,李大钊、恽代英、瞿秋白等中国共产党思想家,关于“以工立国”的理论及其中国工业化道路和方式的各种观点,形成中国共产党关于社会主义工业化和现代化的基本思想;杨明斋对“以农立国”论基本观点的驳斥,对那一时期中国思想界产生了较为广泛的影响,甚至可以被看作20世纪30年代关于“中国现代化问题”探索的直接的思想来源。1933年7月,《申报月刊》设立“中国现代化问题”特辑,提出了“中国现代化问题”以及现代化中“工业化”意义和道路等问题,成为中国思想界第一次以“中国现代化”为主题进行的思想交流和交融,其中也不乏见解相异的思想交锋。在这一论争中提出的一系列观点,受到中国共产党成立十多年间已经形成的社会主义工业化和现代化思想的影响,开辟了中国现代化思想研究的先导。

In the early 1920s,Li Dazhao,Yun Daiying,Qu Qiubai and other Chinese Communist Party intellectuals,engaging in discussions surrounding the theory of“building a nation by industry”and exploring various views on China's path and approach to industrialization,laid the foundation for the Communist Party of China's socialist industrialization and modernization ideology.Yang Mingzhai's refutation of the basic view of“building a nation by agriculture”had a wide influence on the Chinese intellectual circles at that time,and could even be regarded as the direct ideological source to the exploration of“the problem of Chinese modernization”in the 1930s.In July 1933,the publication Shen Pao Monthly dedicated a special issue to“The Problem of China's Modernization”,which put forward“the problem of China's modernization”and the meaning and path of“industrialization”in the modernization process.It became the first time for the intellectual circles of China to exchange and blend ideas on the theme of“China's modernization”,and there were many ideological clashes among different views.Influenced by the socialist industrialization and modernization ideology which had been formed over the past decade since the founding of the Communist Party of China,a series of viewpoints put forward in this debate have paved the way for the exploration of Chinese modernization thought in the history of thought.