“风水”内涵流变考释

A Textual Research on the Flowing Deformation in the Connotation of feng shui

“风水”被当作“堪舆”“相地”等的同义词,是目前学术界的普遍观点。风水虽然受到先秦“相地”的影响,又与以《宫宅地形》为代表的“形法”和以图宅术为代表的五音宅法,存在着诸多内涵的交集,但并不能等同视之。汉以降的五音宅法注重时间和空间,而宋代风水则已将卜测时间加以剔除,只关注空间的问题。以及经过宋代理学的改造,风水从环境决定论转而为道德决定论,道德决定论成为风水的特质属性。风水是一个经过长期涵化的流变概念,具有异质于他者的独特性。

It is a common point of view in current academia that feng shui is regarded as a synonym for kan yu and xiang di(geomancy).Although feng shui is influenced by the xiang di in the pre-Qin period and it has lots of connotative intersections with the xing fa(shape method),represented by the Topography of Palaces and Houses,and the"five-tone house method,"represented by tu zhai shu,it cannot be regarded as the same."Five-tone house method"puts an emphasis on time and space since the Han Dynasty,while feng shui eliminates time of divination and only concerned about space in the Song Dynasty.By the transformation of Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty,feng shui changed from environmental determinism to moral determinism,which becomes unique attribute of feng shui.Feng shui is an concept of flowing deformation after the long-term acculturation,and it has heterogeneity from others.