差错管理氛围对创业即兴影响的双路径研究

Dual-path Research on the Influence of Error Management Climate on Entrepreneurial Improvisation

新冠疫情暴发使创业即兴这一组织快速应对突发事件的手段的重要性更加凸显,为了探究如何在组织中更好地激发创业即兴,已有研究侧重于从认知视角、动机视角和行为视角识别创业即兴的前因,却鲜少关注工作情景特征这一重要的行为预测因素。差错管理氛围作为一种支持性的工作情景,会促使创业团队成员产生一系列积极的认知和情感反应,可能是激发创业即兴的重要情景特征。基于认知情感系统理论,围绕认知反应和情感反应两个维度,从创业团队层面引入团队促进焦点和团队创业激情作为中介变量,构建差错管理氛围影响创业即兴的双路径模型。引入环境动态性作为调节变量,探讨其在团队促进焦点与创业即兴、团队创业激情与创业即兴之间发挥的调节作用。采用两时点的问卷调查方法,收集来自河南、河北、江西、辽宁、湖北和广西等地的108个新创企业团队的数据,运用Mplus 8.3进行数据分析和假设验证。研究结果表明,差错管理氛围能够促使创业团队做出更多的创业即兴;差错管理氛围既可以通过团队促进焦点这一认知反应激发创业即兴,又可以通过团队创业激情这一情感反应激发创业即兴,且团队促进焦点与团队创业激情的中介作用不存在显著差异;环境动态性在团队促进焦点与创业即兴、团队创业激情与创业即兴之间均起正向调节作用。研究结果从工作情景特征出发,丰富了团队层面创业即兴前因变量的研究;从认知情感系统理论出发,揭示了差错管理氛围影响创业即兴的机制和边界。为理解差错管理氛围如何促进创业即兴提供了新的视角和见解,回应了学者们对“关注动态环境下如何更好地开展创业活动”的呼吁。研究结果为企业管理者如何在不确定性环境下有效激发创业即兴提供了决策参考。

The significance of entrepreneurial improvisation as a means for organization to respond quickly to emergencies has been heightened by the outbreaks of the COVID-19.In order to explore how to better stimulate entrepreneurial improvisation in organization,the existing researches focus on identifying the antecedents of entrepreneurial improvisation from cognitive,motivational,and behavioral perspectives,yet the important behavioral predictor of work situation characteristics has not been much focused.The error management climate as a supportive work situation will prompt a range of positive cognitive and affective responses in entrepreneurial team members,which may be an important work situation characteristic to stimulate entrepreneurial improvisation.Based on the cognitive affective system theory,starting from the two dimensions of cognitive response and emotional response,this study introduces the team promotion focus and team entrepreneurial passion as mediators from the entrepreneurial team level,and constructs a dual-path model of the influence of error management atmosphere on entrepreneurial improvisation.It also introduces environmental dynamism as moderator and discusses its moderating role between team promotion focus and entrepreneurial improvisation,and between team entrepreneurial passion and entrepreneurial improvisation.Using a twopoint questionnaire,this study collects data from 108 start-up teams in Henan,Hebei,Jiangxi,Liaoning,Hubei,and Guangxi,and uses Mplus 8.3 software for data analysis and hypothesis validation.The results show that error management climate can encourage entrepreneurial teams to make more entrepreneurial improvisations.Error management climate can not only stimulate entrepreneurial improvisation through the cognitive response of team promotion focus,but also stimulate entrepreneurial improvisation through the emotional response of team entrepreneurial passion,and there is no significant difference between the mediating role of team promotion focus and team entrepreneurial passion.Environmental dynamism plays a moderating role between team promotion focus and entrepreneurial improvisation,and between team entrepreneurial passion and entrepreneurial improvisation.Starting from the work situation characteristics,the results of this study enrich the research on antecedents of entrepreneurial improvisation at the team level.Based on the cognitive affective system theory,this study reveals the influence mechanism and boundary of error management climate affecting entrepreneurial improvisation,provides a new perspective and insight for understanding how error management climate can promote entrepreneurial improvisation,and also responds to the call of scholars for"paying attention to how to better carry out entrepreneurial activity under dynamic environment".The conclusion of this study provides decision-making reference for enterprise managers on how to effectively stimulate entrepreneurial improvisation in uncertain environment.