复合植物精油对肉仔鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、血清生化指标及养分代谢率的影响

Effect of plant essential oils on growth performance,slaughter performance,serum biochemical indexes and nutrient metabolic rates of broilers

试验旨在研究日粮中添加植物精油对肉仔鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、血清生化指标及养分代谢率的影响。选取480只同批次、健康、体重相近的肉仔鸡,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复16只鸡。对照组肉仔鸡饲喂基础日粮,抗生素组肉仔鸡饲喂基础日粮+抗生素,植物精油1组肉仔鸡饲喂基础日粮+植物精油1,精油益生菌组肉仔鸡饲喂基础日粮+植物精油1+丁酸钠+枯草芽孢杆菌,植物精油2组肉仔鸡饲喂基础日粮+植物精油2。试验期共35 d,分为前期(8~28日龄)和后期(29~42日龄)。结果显示,日粮中单独添加精油、精油与益生菌组合使用均可提高肉仔鸡的生长性能。精油益生菌组以及植物精油1组、2组肉仔鸡心脏、腺胃和免疫器官指数均显著高于对照组和抗生素组(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,精油益生菌组以及植物精油1组、2组显著提高28日龄、42日龄肉仔鸡血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性及总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)含量(P<0.05),极显著降低血清尿素氮(BUN)、甘油三酯(TG)含量(P<0.01)。与对照组相比,植物精油2组28日龄肉仔鸡干物质(DM)代谢率、42日龄肉仔鸡粗脂肪(EE)代谢率显著提高(P<0.05)。研究表明,日粮中单独添加植物精油、精油与益生菌组合使用均能够提高肉仔鸡生长性能、器官指数及养分代谢率。在肉仔鸡基础日粮中添加100 mg/kg植物精油2(百里香酚+香芹酚+肉桂醛+辣椒碱)的效果较好。

The experiment was to investigate effect of dietary plant essential oils on growth performance,slaughter performance,serum biochemical indexes and nutrient metabolic rate of broilers.A total of 480 healthy broilers with the same batch and similar body weight were randomly divided into five groups,with six replicates in each group and 16 broilers in each replicate.Broilers in control group were fed with basal diet,broilers in antibiotic group were fed with basal diet+antibiotics,broilers in plant essential oil group 1 were fed with basal diet+plant essential oil 1,broilers in essential oil probiotic group were fed with basal diet+plant essential oil 1+sodium butyrate+Bacillus subtilis,and broilers in plant essential oil group 2 were fed with basal diet+plant essential oil 2.The experiment lasted for 35 d,and the experiment period was divided into early stage(8~28 d old)and late stage(29~42 d old).The results showed that the growth performance of broilers could be improved by adding essential oil alone or by combining essential oil and probiotics.The indexes of heart,glandular stomach and immune organs of broilers in essential oil probiotic group and plant essential oil group 1 and plant essential oil group 2 were significantly higher than those in control group and antibiotic group(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the activity of ALP in serum and the content of TP and ALB in serum of broilers at 28 d and 42 d of age were significantly increased in essential oil probiotic group and plant essential oil group 1 and plant essential oil group 2(P<0.05),and the contents of BUN and TG in serum were extremely decreased(P<0.01).Compared with control group,the DM metabolic rate and EE metabolic rate of broilers at 28 d of age and 42 d of age in plant essential oil group 2 were significantly increased(P<0.05).The study indicates that the addition of plant essential oil alone and the combination of essential oil and probiotics could improve the growth performance,organ index and nutrient metabolic rate of broilers.The effect of adding 100 mg/kg plant essential oil 2(thymol+carvsol+cinnamaldehyde+capsaicin)to the basic diet of broilers was better.