耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌分布及耐药性分析

Distribution and drug resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

目的探讨耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌分布及其耐药性。方法将2022年1月-2022年12月收治的77例金黄色葡萄球菌(SA)感染的样本作为研究对象,用全自动微生物分析仪测得耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA),分析MRSA临床分布状况和耐药性。结果77例MRSA分布最多的科室为骨科(27.27%),其次为普通外科(15.58%)、神经外科(14.29%);从标本类型来看,占比最多的为伤口及分泌物(53.25%),其次为脓液(16.88%)、血液(12.99%)、痰液(11.69%);从年龄分布来看,成年人占比达54.55%、其次为老年人36.36%、儿童7.79%、新生儿1.30%;分析后可知,MRSA对大部分药物的耐药率均>30%,其中最高的为苯唑西林、青霉素,均为100%,其次为克林霉素76.62%、阿奇霉素73.68%、克拉霉素73.68%、红霉素72.72%。结论SA中MRSA占比较高,多分布在骨科、普通外科等科室,且MRSA耐多种药物,因此,临床在诊治疾病中还需合理使用抗菌药物,加强监测MRSA,尽量选用耐药率较低的药物,达到降低感染发生率、合理用药的目的。

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Methods 77 samples of Staphylococcus aureus(SA)infection admitted from January 2022 to December 2022 were taken as the study object.Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus was detected by automatic microbiological analyzer,and the clinical distribution and drug resistance of MRSA were analyzed.Results The department with the most MRSA was orthopedics(27.27%),followed by general surgery(15.58%)and neurosurgery(14.29%);in terms of specimen types,the most common ones are wounds and secretions(53.25%),followed by pus(16.88%),blood(12.99%)and sputum(11.69%);in terms of age distribution,adults accounted for 54.55%,followed by the elderly 36.36%,children 7.79%and newborns 1.30%;after analysis,it can be seen that the drug resistance rate of MRSA to most drugs is more than 30%,among which the highest is oxacillin,penicillin,which is 100%,followed by clindamycin 76.62%,azithromycin 73.68%,clarithromycin 73.68%,erythromycin 72.72%.Conclusion MRSA accounts for a relatively high proportion of SA,mostly distributed in orthopedics,general surgery and other departments,and MRSA is resistant to multiple drugs.Therefore,in clinical diagnosis and treatment of diseases,it is also necessary to use antibiotics reasonably,strengthen the monitoring of MRSA,and try to select drugs with low drug resistance rate,so as to reduce the incidence of infection and use drugs reasonably.