脑卒中吞咽障碍患者护理需求现状及其相关影响因素分析

Nursing needs and related influencing factors of stroke patients with dysphagia

目的探讨脑卒中吞咽障碍(DAS)患者护理需求的影响因素。方法选取2021年1月-2022年1月广州医科大学附属第四医院收治的DAS患者78例,评估所有患者的护理需求[医院自制DAS患者护理需求问卷],设计基线资料调查表,详细统计所有DAS患者的基线资料,比较不同资料特征DAS患者的护理需求评分,重点分析DAS患者护理需求的影响因素。结果经评估,78例DAS患者的护理需求评分为(72.37±6.76)分;不同年龄、吞咽障碍程度、受教育程度及社会支持DAS患者护理需求评分比较,有统计学差异(P<0.05),其他不同资料特征DAS患者的护理需求评分比较,无统计学差异(P>0.05);经多元线性回归分析,结果显示,年龄大、中重度吞咽障碍、受教育程度低及社会支持低下均是DAS患者护理需求的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论DAS患者护理需求水平较高,年龄大、中重度吞咽障碍、受教育程度低及社会支持低下均是DAS患者护理需求的影响因素。

Objective To explore the influencing factors of nursing needs of stroke patients with dysphagia(DAS).Methods A total of 78 patients with DAS admitted to the hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected,and the nursing needs of all patients were evaluated[the nursing needs questionnaire for DAS patients made by the hospital].The baseline data of all DAS patients were analyzed in detail,and the nursing needs scores of DAS patients with different data characteristics were compared.The influencing factors of DAS patients'nursing needs were analyzed.Results After evaluation,the nursing need score of 78 DAS patients was(72.37±6.76).There were statistical differences in the nursing needs scores of DAS patients with different ages,degree of dysphagia,education level and social support(P<0.05),while there were no statistical differences in the nursing needs scores of DAS patients with other different data characteristics(P>0.05).Through multiple linear regression analysis,the results showed that older age,moderate to severe dysphagia,low education level and low social support were the influencing factors of DAS patients'nursing needs(P<0.05).Conclusions The nursing needs of DAS patients are high.Older age,moderate to severe dysphagia,low education level and low social support are the influencing factors of nursing needs of DAS patients.