对外文化教材编写中可资借鉴的中西方理论资源

Available Chinese and Western Theoretical Resources for the Writing of International Culture-specific Textbooks

对外文化教材的使命不仅是让外国学习者学习和了解中国文化,同时需要降解外国学习者感受到的中国文化与其母语国文化的文化冲突,因而编写对外文化教材既需要对中西思维方式与话语体系的差异熟稔于心,也需要借鉴西方跨文化传播学的相关理论和中国传统文化资源。“情景构架”理论与“情景教学法”、“高语境”与“低语境”理论、“面子协商”理论、“慎独知本”观念、“期望违背”理论、“重叠共识”观念与“母题叙述”策略都是对外文化教材编写中可资借鉴的重要资源,能助力我们打开以对外文化教材为载体的中国文化跨文化传播的关键罅隙,通过文化传播调和文化间的冲突与摩擦。

The mission of international culture-specific textbooks aims not only to help international learners to learn and understand Chinese culture,but also to reduce the cultural conflicts between Chinese culture and the mother-tongue culture of international learners.Therefore,the writing of international culture-specific textbooks requires not only the familiarity with the differences between Chinese and Western thinking modes and discourse systems,but also a good learning of the relevant theories of Western cross-cultural communication studies and traditional Chinese cultural resources.The theory of“situational framework”,the theory of“high-context cultures”and“low-context cultures”,“face-negotiation theory”,“expectancy violations theory”,the concept of“keeping vigilance in solitude and understanding the fundamental”,the concept of“overlapping consensus”,“situational teaching method”,and the strategy of“motif-based narration”are all important reference resources for the writing of international culture-specific textbooks,which can help solve the key bottlenecks in the cross-cultural dissemination of Chinese culture with international culture-specific textbooks as the carrier while mediating cultural conflicts and frictions through cultural dissemination.