心肌成纤维细胞对心肌损伤后的修复和再生作用及中药调节

Repair and regeneration of myocardial fibroblasts after myocardial injury and regulation by traditional Chinese medicine

心肌细胞是一种高度分化的终末细胞,自我更新能力差,因而心梗发生后,坏死的心肌细胞不能得到有效的补充,梗死区域很快被纤维组织所取代,严重影响心功能。心肌细胞数量的减少和心脏结构完整性的破坏,造成了心肌梗死及心力衰竭等心血管疾病,持续性的危害人类生命健康。目前,冠心病的治疗已取得较大进步,针对心梗后的心肌修复常用治疗方案主要为干细胞移植、外泌体介导和微环境构建等3方面,但是均有不同程度的问题难以解决。心肌成纤维细胞在心脏细胞中占据大部分数量,成纤维细胞的分布特性及其在心肌梗死过程中的作用,使它成为心肌梗死后的重要效应细胞。因此,该文从心肌成纤维细胞的来源、分布、梗死后状态和成纤维细胞对心肌细胞的作用等方面作一综述,以期为成纤维细胞在心肌梗死后心肌细胞的修复和再生治疗方面提供新的治疗思路和方案。

Cardiomyocytes are highly differentiated terminal cells with poor self-renewal ability.Therefore,after myocardial infarction necrotic cardiomyocytes cannot be effectively replenished,and the infarcted area is quickly replaced by fibrous tissue,which seriously affects cardiac function.The reduction of the number of myocardial cells and the destruction of the structural integrity of the heart have caused cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction and heart failure,which continue to endanger human life and health.At present,the treatment of coronary heart disease has made great progress.The commonly used treatment options for myocardial repair after myocardial infarction mainly include stem cell transplantation,exosome mediation and microenvironment construction,but all of them are difficult to solve to varying degrees.Cardiac fibroblasts occupy the majority of cardiac cells,and the distribution characteristics of fibroblasts and their role in the process of myocardial infarction make them important effector cells after myocardial infarction.Therefore,this article reviews the source,distribution,post-infarction status of myocardial fibroblasts and the effect of fibroblasts on cardiomyocytes,in order to provide new treatment ideas and solutions for fibroblasts in the repair and regeneration of myocardial cells after myocardial infarction.