蜂窝芯超声切削技术研究进展

Review on Ultrasonic Cutting of Honeycomb Core

蜂窝夹层构件因其密度低、比强度和比刚度高等特性,广泛应用于航空航天等领域。Nomex蜂窝和铝蜂窝是广泛采用的蜂窝材料,但由于其薄壁、多孔等结构特征,在加工中容易出现撕裂和毛刺等问题。超声切削技术具有减小切削力、改善加工表面质量和提高加工效率等特点,作为解决蜂窝材料难加工问题的关键方法,近年来受到了国内外广泛关注。围绕刀具运动学和切削力模型、切削仿真、加工表面形貌与面形精度分析、加工轨迹规划方法和超声加工系统研制等方面,总结了蜂窝材料超声切削机理与工艺、超声切削系统与装备的研究现状,并对蜂窝材料超声切削技术的发展趋势与未来研究重点进行展望。

Honeycomb sandwich components are widely used in aeronautics and aerospace industries,owing to their low density and high strength and stiffness to weight ratio.Nomex honeycomb and aluminum honeycomb are most widely used honeycomb materials.However,deformations and burrs are easily generated during processing due to the cellular and thin-wall structure of the honeycomb materials.The ultrasonic cutting technology,with the advantages of reduced the cutting force and machining deformation,improved machining quality,and enhanced machining efficiency,has been highlighted at home and abroad in recent years as a key method that could solve problems in machining honeycomb materials.Study status of cutting mechanisms,processing technologies,and design of ultrasonic cutting system and equipment are reviewed in the respects of studies about the models of cutting tool kinematics and cutting force,the cutting simulations,analyses on topography and shape accuracy of machined surface,cutting path planning method,and development of the ultrasonic cutting system,etc.Finally,development trends and future research focuses on the ultrasonic cutting of honeycomb materials are provided.