麦积山石窟历史栈道的营造

History of the Renovation of the Plank Roads at the Maijishan Grottoes

洞窟和栈道相互依存。20世纪40年代时,麦积山石窟栈道木构大多已糟朽、残毁,布满崖面的桩眼是栈道维修复原基础。本文以近现代5次栈道木构维修实践为基础,结合洞窟分布、文献调查等,对麦积山石窟栈道的历史变迁、栈道的崖面选择及走向、营造技术及木构的材料来源、种类进行研究,期望进一步丰富麦积山石窟栈道营造研究,促进麦积山石窟的整体研究。

Travel between the caves at the Maijishan Grottoes has historically depended on a network of wooden plank paths.Although most of the wooden structures at the site were decayed and destroyed in the 1940s,the holes used to drive stakes into the ground to support the paths can still be found all over the cliff face and have been used as the basis for repair and restoration of the paths five times in recent history.Based on previous restoration efforts,as well as the distribution of the caves and relevant historical records,this paper presents a study on the historical changes made to the plank roads,an analysis of the selection and orientation of the cliff faces deemed suitable for cave and path construction,and an overview of the construction techniques and material resources used for building the plank roads.This study was conducted in order to further enrich the research on the interconnectivity of the Maijishan Grottoes,and to promote research on the Maijishan Grottoes as a whole.