莫高窟北区元代瘗窟B121窟死者身份考

A Study on the Identity of the Deceased Woman in Yuan Dynasty Cave B121 at the Mogao Grottoes

据考古报告莫高窟北区B121窟为元代的一处瘗窟,死者为一青年女性。结合窟内随葬遗物判定该洞窟的使用年代约在14世纪中后期。死者为豳王家族一位信仰佛教的青年女性,所着服饰为“满池娇”红色莲鱼龙纹绫袍。窟内出土多件佛教文献,由此看出元代豳王家族佛教信仰背景。该窟同时也为莫高窟“元代公主”的传说提供了新的线索,推测B121窟为元代公主的瘗埋之所。

According to archaeological reports,cave B121 at the Mogao Grottoes was a cave used for burying the dead in the Yuan dynasty,and a young woman was once buried there.However,the various burial items found inside cave indicate that the cave was in use as early as the mid-late 14th century.Study of historical documents,including manuscripts from Cave B121,can confirm that the deceased young lady can be identified as being a member of the family of Lord Bin(王Bin Wang).The clothing she wore was a kind of red satin robe known as a manchi-jiao满池娇and was intricately embroidered with motifs of lotuses,fish and dragons.Several Buddhist documents unearthed from the cave indicate that the family of Lord Bin believed in Buddhism.The cave also provides new clues regarding the legend of the“Princess of the Yuan Dynasty”at the Mogao Grottoes.It can be inferred that Cave B121 was the place where the princess of the Yuan dynasty mentioned in the story was buried.