危险分级护理对急性上消化道出血患者自护能力、生活质量及并发症的影响

Effect of Risk Grading Nursing on Self-care Ability,Quality of Life and Complications in Patients with Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

目的:研究危险分级护理对急性上消化道出血(AUGIB)患者自护能力、生活质量及并发症的影响。方法:选择2021年1月—2022年6月南华大学附属第二医院收治的68例AUGIB患者为研究对象。随机分为研究组与对照组,各34例。对照组行常规干预,研究组行危险分级护理干预。比较两组干预前后自我护理能力测定量表(ESCA)评分、健康调查简表(SF-36)评分及并发症(发热、贫血、脑供血不足、吸入性肺炎)发生率。结果:干预前,两组ESCA评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,两组ESCA评分均高于干预前,且研究组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组SF-36评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,两组SF-36评分均高于干预前,且研究组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组发热、贫血、脑供血不足、吸入性肺炎等并发症总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:危险分级护理对AUGIB患者干预效果显著,可提升患者自护能力及生活质量,还可减少并发症。

Objective:To study the effect of risk grading nursing on self-care ability,quality of life and complications in patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding(AUGIB).Method:A total of 68 AUGIB patients admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital University of South China from January 2021 to June 2022 were selected as the study objects.They were randomly divided into study group and control group,with 34 cases in each group.The control group received routine intervention,and the study group received risk grading nursing intervention.The exercise of self-care agency scale(ESCA)scores,the MOS item short from health survey(SF-36)scores before and after intervention and the incidence of complications(fever,anemia,insufficient cerebral blood supply,aspiration pneumonia)were compared between the two groups.Result:Before intervention,there were no significant differences in ESCA scores between the two groups(P>0.05).After intervention,ESCA scores in both groups were higher than those before intervention,and the study group were higher than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Before intervention,there were no significant differences in SF-36 scores between the two groups(P>0.05).After intervention,SF-36 scores in both groups were higher than those before intervention,and the study group were higher than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The total incidence of complications such as fever,anemia,insufficient cerebral blood supply and aspiration pneumonia in the study group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The intervention effect of risk grading nursing on AUGIB patients is significant,which can improve patients'self-care ability and quality of life,and reduce complications.