论魏晋志怪小说“五行志型”故事的叙事诗学——以《搜神记》为中心

On the Narrative Poetics of the"Wuxing Zhi-type"Stories in the Mystery Novels of the Wei and Jin Dynasti-Take Sou Shen Ji as the center

《搜神记》“五行志型”故事在汲取正史《五行志》历史叙事的基础上,有意识地融入虚构叙事策略,形成具有多重意蕴的志怪小说叙事诗学。在叙事意象层面,赋予神怪物象特定的象征性与预兆性,呈现出奇崛幻异的审美品质;在叙事时空层面,在现实与神幻的交织流转之间,实现时空维度的延展,达到艺术真实的境界;在叙事伦理层面,运用叙述干预与全知视角,将伦理价值观念渗透于叙事策略之中,体现出作者深切的现实观照,提升了小说的社会价值。“五行志型”故事彰显了魏晋志怪小说由历史叙事向虚构叙事的转化,对于古代志怪小说形成具有民族文化特色的叙事诗学具有重要意义。

On the basis of absorbing the historical narrative of the official history Wuxing Zhi,the story of"Wuxing Zhi-type"in Sou Shen Ji consciously integrates the fictional narrative strategy and forms the narrative poetics of supernatural novels with multiple implications.In the aspect of narrative imagery,the images of gods and monsters are endowed with specific symbolism and premonition,showing the aesthetic quality of strangeness and ilusion.In the aspect of narrative space-time,the extension of space-time dimension is realized between the interweaving and circulation of reality and fantasy,reaching the realm of artistic reality.In the aspect of narrative ethics,the author uses narrative intervention and omniscient perspective to infiltrate ethical values into narrative strategies.reflecting the author's deep realistic view and enhancing the social value of the novel.The story of"Wuxing Zhi-type"shows the transformation of the mystery novels in Wei and Jin Dynasties from historical narrative to fictional narrative,which is of great significance to the formation of narrative poetics with national cultural characteristics in ancient mystery novels.