论政治哲学与哲学的关系

On the Relationship Between Political Philosophy and Philosophy

哲学一经诞生,哲学家就注意到了人性的自为性和社群性两种基本特性,并将其作为思考和探索的重点,于是就有了重点关注人性自为性潜能及其现实化的伦理学和重点关注人性社群性潜能及其现实化的政治哲学。政治哲学与作为哲学主体部分的本体论、知识论和价值论有着不可分割的血肉联系,因此,政治哲学在哲学中具有特殊地位。在哲学整个学科体系中,政治哲学与作为主干学科的价值论关系最为直接和密切。政治哲学研究的政治主要属于价值的领域,因此它属于价值学科,与价值论间是一种交叉关系。政治哲学和伦理学的共同目的是根据人性的要求研究人类怎样过上好生活,但两者在研究对象、使命、关注的主要问题上存在着区别。不过,两者之间的区别是相对的,它们都有可能全口径地涉及社会成员好生活的各个方面,只是研究的侧重点不同,在两者各自研究的侧重点之间有宽阔的界限模糊的区域。

When philosophy was born,philosophers noticed the two basic characteristics of human nature,namely,self-acting and sociality,and took them as the focus of thinking and exploration,so there was ethics that focused on the self-acting potential of human nature and its realization,and political philosophy that focused on the social potential of human nature and its realization.Political philosophy is inextricably connected with ontology,epistemology and axiology as the main part of philosophy.Therefore,political philosophy has a special position in philosophy.In the whole discipline system of philosophy,political philosophy has the most direct and close relationship with axiology as the main discipline.The study of politics in political philosophy mainly belongs to the field of value,so it belongs to the subject of value,and it has a cross relationship with axiology.The common purpose of political philosophy and ethics is to study how to live a good life according to the requirements of human nature,but there are differences between the two in the research object,mission and main issues of concern.However,the difference between the two is relative.Both of them may cover all aspects of the good life of social members in a comprehensive way,but the focus of the study is different.There is a wide and blurred area between the focus of their respective studies.