社区老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者社会参与的潜在剖面分析

Latent Profile Analysis of Social Participation in Elderly Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Community

目的分析社区老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)患者社会参与的潜在类别及影响因素。方法便利抽样法选取济南市13个社区招募的稳定期老年COPD患者为研究对象,采用自主参与测评问卷、改良版英国医学研究委员会呼吸问卷、慢性病治疗功能评估-疲劳量表、社会支持评定量表等对其进行调查。采用潜在剖面分析探讨社会参与的潜在类别,使用无序Logistic回归分析不同类别的影响因素。结果社区老年COPD患者社会参与可分为3个潜在类别:社会参与良好型(27.3%)、互动参与中等型(53.2%)和社会参与缺乏型(19.5%)。气流受限严重程度、疲乏、社会支持是不同潜在类别的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论社区老年COPD患者社会参与存在3个潜在类别,医疗卫生人员应注重社会参与不同类别患者的特征,实施针对性的干预措施,改善其社会参与状况。

Objective To analyze the latent profiles of social participation and influencing factors of elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in community.Methods A total of 267 elderly patients with COPD in community were selected from 13 communities in Jinan city by convenience sampling method and surveyed by Impact on Participation and Autonomy Questionnaire,modified British Medical Research Council Respiratory Questionnaire,Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue,and Social Support Rating Scale.Latent profile analysis was used to explore the latent profiles of social participation,and unordered logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the influencing factors of different latent profiles.Results Social participation of elderly COPD patients in community were divided into three latent profiles:good social participation(27.3%),moderate interactive participation(53.2%),and poor social participation(19.5%).Severity of airflow limitation,fatigue,and social support were the influencing factors of different latent profiles(all P<0.05).Conclusions There were three latent profiles of social participation in elderly patients with COPD in community.Healthcare professionals should pay attention to the characteristics of different profiles of social participation and implement targeted interventions to improve patients’social participation.