荷叶炮制历史沿革及现代研究

Historical evolution and modern research of lotus leaf processing

荷叶为临床常用中药,具有益脾化湿、利水消肿、化瘀凉血的作用。其炮制历史悠久,最早可追溯到唐代《外台秘要》,随后各朝代均有相关古籍记载。炮制品多以荷叶炭为主,现代研究常用焖炭法和煅炭法,制炭后可增强止血收敛作用,中医常用于治疗多种出血病证,应用广泛。本文查阅和梳理了历代古籍中荷叶的炮制情况,结合各版《中国药典》、各省市炮制规范以及现代研究文献,归纳总结了炮制前后荷叶化学成分变化、质量控制、药理作用等,为荷叶的质量标准与临床应用潜在价值研究提供依据。

Lotus leaf is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used in clinic,which has the effects of tonifying spleen and resolving dampness,promoting diuresis and reducing swelling,and resolving blood stasis and cooling blood.It has a long history of processing,dating back to the"Waitai Mi Yao"in Tang dynasty,and there are also relevant ancient books in subsequent various dynasties.The processed products mainly include lotus leaf charcoal,and the braised charcoal method and calcined charcoal method are commonly used in modern research.After making charcoal,the hemostatic and astringent effects of lotus leaves are enhanced,which is often used to treat various bleeding syndromes in traditional Chinese medicine with wide use.This article reviewed and sorted out the processing of lotus leaves in ancient books of various dynasties,and summarized the changes in the chemical composition before and after processing,quality control and pharmacological effects of lotus leaves combined with various editions of Chinese pharmacopoeia,processing standards in various provinces and cities and modern research literature,which provided a basis for the study on quality standard and potential clinical application value of lotus leaves.