基于复杂网络的快速公交-轨道交通站点分级研究

Classification of Bus Rapid Transit-Rail Transit Stations Using Complex Network Analysis

为研究大运量交通站点精细化管理问题,构建复杂网络,分析站点分级。通过构建Space-L有向加权复杂网络模型,并基于站点客流提取节点强度、加权介数中心性、加权接近中心性以及加权PageRank4项指标,运用系统聚类方法进行站点分级。以厦门快速公交(BRT)-轨道双模式网络系统为研究对象,从复杂网络视角分析站点网络特征和层级关系。结果表明:1)在复杂网络模型下,网络站点可分为核心枢纽型、局部联系型、网络中转型、强网络传导型、弱网络传导型和网络尽端型6类。2)各类换乘站点呈现不同特点,单模式换乘站具有调节网络客流的能力,双模式换乘站具有吸引网络客流的能力,单-双模式结合的换乘站具有辐射网络客流的能力。3)在BRT-轨道交通网络的单模式站点中,岛内的BRT站点发挥效果优于轨道站点。文章提出的站点分级指标和方法能很好地揭示站点网络特性,有助于提高城市BRT-轨道网络系统运营效率。

Mass traffic stations are key nodes in integrated traffic networks.The scientific definition of station types is of great significance for the refined management of stations and network operations.Using the Xiamen BRT track double-mode network system as the research object,this study analyzed the characteristics and hierarchical relationships of the station network and used complex network analysis to classify stations within the network.By constructing a Space-L-directed weighted complex network model based on station passenger flows,this study proposes four indicators:node strength,weighted betweenness centrality,weighted closeness centrality,and weighted PageRank.A system-clustering method was used to classify the stations.The results are as follows:(1)In the complex network model,the network sites can be divided into six types:core-hub type,local connection,network transition,strong network conduction,weak network conduction,and network-end.The important sites of the network are gathered at the center of Xiamin island,and the secondary sites of the network are distributed on the periphery of the regular spatial network.The important sites of the network outside the island are distributed in mature urban construction areas,and the secondary sites are scattered in preliminary urban construction development areas.(2)All transfer station types have different characteristics.Single-mode transfer stations have the ability to adjust network passenger flow and accommodate the transfer capacity of passenger flow between various regions of the city,whereas double-mode transfer stations have the ability to attract network passenger flow,and the station and other stations on the network.It is closely connected and has high accessibility;single-mode and double-mode combined transfer stations have the ability to promote network passenger flow,and have high passenger flow connection strength and global passenger flow influence ability.(3)Among the single-mode stations in the BRT-metro transit network,the BRT stations perform better than the metro stations.This feature is more obvious in the island area owing to the unbalanced development of the east and west areas of the island.The station classification index and method proposed in this study can reveal the characteristics of station networks,which can improve the operational efficiency of urban BRT-rail network systems.