高固含量CL-20基炸药油墨的3D微喷打印成型及性能

3D Micro-jet Printing and Properties of CL-20 Based Explosive Ink with High Solid Content

为了获得微尺度爆轰性能优良且与3D微喷打印工艺兼容的悬浮式炸药油墨配方,以水溶性壳聚糖(CS)和聚乙二醇-4000(PEG-4000)为复合黏结体系,亚微米CL-20为主体炸药,设计和制备了高固含量CL-20基炸药油墨,并通过3D微喷打印平台进行打印成型。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、激光共聚焦显微镜、X射线衍射仪(XRD)对成型样品的形貌结构进行了表征;采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、机械感度仪和静电感度仪分别测试了样品的热分解性能、机械感度和静电感度,并对微型打印样品的爆轰性能进行了测试。结果表明,CL-20质量分数为90%时,打印成型样品表面宏观比较平整,但微观平均粗糙度约为14.58μm,内部结构均匀,层间无明显孔隙,成型样品中CL-20的晶型为ε型;与亚微米CL-20相比,油墨成型样品的表观活化能增加了5.94 kJ/mol,其撞击、摩擦和静电感度分别下降了1 J、80 N和0.21 J;微型传爆药打印样品的成型密度为1.515 g/cm^(3),爆轰临界尺寸和爆速分别为1 mm×0.135 mm和7484 m/s。

In order to obtain a suspension explosive ink formulation with excellent micro-scale detonation performance and good compatibility with 3D micro-jet printing process,a CL-20 based explosive ink with high solid content was designed and prepared using water-soluble chitosan(CS)and polyethylene glycol-4000(PEG-4000)as composite binder system,submicron CL-20 as the main explosive and printed via 3D micro-jet printing platform.The morphology and structure of the printed samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),confocal laser microscope and X-ray diffraction(XRD).Differential scanning calorimeter(DSC),mechanical sensitivity instrument and electrostatic sensitivity instrument were used to detect the thermal decomposition performance,mechanical sensitivity and electrostatic sensitivity,respectively,and the detonation performance of the micro-printed samples was also tested.The results show that when the mass fraction of CL-20 is 90%,the surface of the printed sample is relatively flat macroscopically,but the microscopic average roughness is about 14.58μm.The internal structure is uniform,there is no obvious pores and gaps between the layers,and the crystal morphology of CL-20 in the printed sample isεtype;Compared with submicron CL-20,the apparent activation energy of sample increases by 5.94 kJ/mol,and its impact,friction and electrostatic sensitivities decrease by 1 J,80 N and 0.21 J,respectively;The density of the micro-printed samples is 1.515 g/cm^(3),the critical detonation size and detonation velocity are 1 mm×0.135 mm and 7484 m/s,respectively.