多边法坐标测量系统关键布局参数对测量精度影响的研究

Research on Influence of Key Layout Parameters on Measurement Accuracy in Multilateration System

为研究多边法坐标测量系统中测站相互位置关系对测量精度的影响,从坐标解算公式推导出测距误差的传递模型。分析了模型中误差放大因子及测站布局参数相关的数学公式,从该公式得出在一定范围内增大2个关键布局参数可改善系统测量精度,并通过仿真及实验进行验证。实验结果表明,关键布局参数从1 m增至3 m,系统的重复性误差可从20μm降至10μm,具有明显优化效果。同时,实验比较了布局参数相近但测站位置相差1 m至3 m的多个布局系统,在参数接近不变的条件下,测站位置差异几乎不影响系统的测量精度,说明该方法可改善系统的测量精度且具备灵活性。

To study the influence of stations mutual position relationship on the measurement accuracy of multilateration system,an error transfer model was derived from the coordinate solution formula.The formula related to the error amplification factor and the station layout parameters in the model are studied and analyzed.From this formula,it can be concluded that increasing two key layout parameters within a certain range can improve the measurement accuracy of the system,which has been verified through simulation and experiments.The experimental results showed that the repeatability error of the system can be reduced from 20μm to 10μm when the key layout parameters were increased from 1 m to 3 m,and the optimization effect was obvious.Meanwhile,the systems with similar layout parameters had been compared,whose stations were at different locations.The results showed that the different locations of stations in system rarely affected the system precision while system s layout parameters were almost consistent,and suggested that method proposed can improve the measurement accuracy and had flexibility.