不同水稻品种在碱性农田土壤中对镉富集与转运差异研究

Differences in Cadmium Accumulation and Transport among Different Rice Varieties in Alkaline Farmland Soil

以9个玉米品种为试验材料,通过添加小区试验,分析在重金属Cd污染碱性土壤条件下,不同水稻品种产量、籽粒中重金属及各器官间富集转运系数差异。结果表明,不同水稻品种的生物量及产量存在显著差异,楚稻1、锦瑞4和楚粳37产量显著高于其他品种;不同稻品种籽粒、茎叶、根对重金属Cd的累积能力存在显著差异,总体分布规律为根>茎叶>籽粒;9个水稻品种籽粒中Cd均符合食品中污染物限量标准,楚稻1、锦瑞4、玉粳17、楚粳374个品种显著低积累;不同水稻品种籽粒、茎叶、根转运能力存在显著差异;楚稻1、锦瑞4、楚粳373个品种兼具高产及低积累特性,适宜在Cd中、轻度污染农用地安全利用中推广种植;土壤pH碱性条件下,土壤中Cd进入水稻中的含量及在水稻各器官中的富集转运能力明显降低,在保障粮食生产前提下调节Cd污染农田土壤pH是实现农用地安全利用和农产品质量安全的有效措施。

Nine corn varieties were used as test materials to analyze the differences in yield,heavy metal content in grains,and organ enrich⁃ment and transport coefficients among different rice varieties under alkaline soil conditions polluted by heavy metal Cd through additional plot experiments.The results showed that the biomass and yield of different rice varieties were significantly different,and the yield of Chudao 1,Jinrui 4 and Chujing 37 was significantly higher than that of other varieties;the accumulation capacity of heavy metal Cd in grains,stems,leaves and roots of different rice varieties existed.There are significant differences,and the overall distribution law is root>stem leaf>grain;Cd in grains of 9 rice varieties all meet the limit of pollutants in food,and the four varieties of Chudao 1,Jinrui 4,Yujing 17,and Chujing 37 are significantly loweraccumulation;different rice varieties have significant differences in the transport capacity of grains,stems and leaves;the three varieties of Chudao 1,Jinrui 4 and Chujing 37 have both high yield and low accumulation characteristics,and are suitable for promotion and planting in the safe utilization of Cd moderately and slightly polluted agricultural land;under the alkaline condition of soil pH,Cd in the soil entering rice and its accumulation and transport capacity in various organs of rice were significantly reduced.Under the premise of ensuring food production,adjusting the pH of Cd⁃contaminated farmland soil is an effective measure to achieve the safe use of agricultural land and the quality and safety of agricultural products.