基于“形寒寒饮则伤肺”理论探讨变应性鼻炎因机证治

Etiology,Pathogenesis and Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis Based on the Theory of“Impairment of the Lung by Exogenous Cold and Cold Fluid”

变应性鼻炎,中医多称之为鼻鼽,其常见临床表现多为鼻塞、喷嚏、鼻流清涕等,为现代的常见病、多发病。随着人们生活习惯及生活环境的改变,变应性鼻炎的发病率正逐年升高。该文通过探寻“形寒寒饮则伤肺”的理论内涵,并对其现代医学研究进行分析,从而得出本病的基本病机,即鼻鼽的病理因素多为寒饮,与肺、脾、肾三脏虚损密切相关。治法上当采用益气温阳化饮之法,临床上须以温药扶阳而驱寒,同时择选健脾温肾益气之品。据此大法,该文提出了小青龙汤、麻黄细辛附子汤及玉屏风散是治疗变应性鼻炎的基本方剂,其中小青龙汤功在解表散寒,温肺化饮,兼以宣通鼻窍;麻黄细辛附子汤在解表的同时,可温经扶阳;玉屏风散则主要起到健脾益气,固表止涕之效。三方合用,标本兼顾,治疗变应性鼻炎效如桴鼓。

Allergic rhinitis is commonly referred to as Biqiu in traditional Chinese medicine,the clinical manifestations are nasal congestion,sneezing,and clear nasal discharge,and so on.It has become a modern common disease and frequently occurring disease.With the change of people's living habits and living environment,the incidence rate of allergic rhinitis is increasing year by year.This paper explores the theoretical connotation of“impairment of the lung by exogenous cold and cold fluid”and analyzes its modern medical research,so as to obtain the basic pathogenesis of this disease.that is,the pathological factor of Biqiu is mostly cold fluid,which is closely related to deficiency of lung,spleen and kidney.In therapeutic method of Biqiu,nourishing Qi and warming Yang should be adopted.In clinical practice,it is necessary to warm the Yang with warm medicine to dispel cold,at the same time,choose the medicine that can strengthen the spleen,warm the kidney and replenish Qi.According to the therapeutic principles,this paper proposes that Xiaoqinglong Decoction(小青龙汤),Mahuang Xixin Fuzi Decoction(麻黄细辛附子汤)and Yupingfeng Powder(玉屏风散)are the basic prescriptions for treating allergic rhinitis,among them,Xiaoqinglong Decoction is used to relieve exterior cold,warming the lung to reduce watery phlegm at the same time dredge the nostrils.Mahuang Xixin Fuzi Decoction can warm meridians and strengthen Yang while relieving exterior symptoms;Yupingfeng Powder has the effect of strengthening the spleen,replenishing Qi,and strengthening the surface to stop nasal mucus.Combination of three prescriptions,taking care of appearance and essence,the effect is significant in the treatment of allergic rhinitis.