翼身融合客机应急撤离建模与仿真方法研究

Research on modeling and simulationmethods for emergency evacuation ofblended-wing-body civil aircraft

为研究翼身融合(BWB)客机的应急撤离流程及问题,以我国自行设计的BWB客机布局方案为对象,利用智能体建模方法搭建了该客机舱内应急撤离仿真试验模型,进行仿真试验研究。通过4因素3水平正交试验研究了主过道宽度、引导模式、隔板状态、出口数量等因素对该型客机应急撤离效果的影响,并对仿真试验模型进行了优化与验证。结果表明,主过道宽度在区间[48.26,55.88]cm变化时会显著提高撤离效率;引导因素对撤离效果影响最显著;舱门引导与区域引导相结合的模式下撤离效果最优,撤离时间为108 s。研究形成了基于社会力模型的智能体在BWB客机应急撤离仿真研究中的应用方案,为其改进设计和制定更优应急撤离方案提供了建议和数据依据。

To study the emergency evacuation process of blended-wing-body(BWB)aircraft and analyze the factors that restrict the efficiency of evacuation in emergencies,an emergency evacuation simulation model of BWB aircraft was built based on the multi-agent modeling method.This simulation model takes a cabin layout scheme of BWB aircraft designed by China as the object,and a series of simulation tests were carried out using“Anylogic”simulation software.To begin with,we analyzed the relationship between aisle width and evacuation efficiency by comparative experiment.Secondly,the four-factor and the three-level orthogonal experiment was designed to research the influence of four factors on evacuation efficiency.The four factors are as follows:the width of the main aisle,guidance mode,partition state,and the number of exits.Finally,according to the test results,the simulation model of emergency evacuation established in this paper was optimized and verified.The results show that when the width of the main aisle varies within[48.26,55.88]cm,the evacuation time gradually decreases with the increase of the aisle width.But the increase in the aisle width has no significant effect on evacuation efficiency when the width of the main aisle is greater than 55.88 cm;The factor of guidance mode has the most significant impact on evacuation efficiency.The mode of regional guidance can achieve the best evacuation effect;The evacuation time can be effectively reduced by optimizing the guidance mode of personnel.The evacuation time is the shortest in the mode of combining hatch guidance and area guidance,which is 108 s.This research has formed the application scheme of the Agent modeling method based on the social force model in the emergency evacuation simulation research of BWB aircraft,which provides suggestions and data basis for improving the aircraft's cabin design and making better emergency evacuation plans.