化肥减施对设施辣椒生长、产量和品质的影响

Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Reduction on Growth, Yield and Quality of Greenhouse Pepper

为研究化肥减施对设施辣椒生长、产量和品质的影响,分别设置常规施肥(CK)、化肥减施18%(T1)、化肥减施28%(T2)、化肥减施38%(T3)、化肥减施48%(T4)5个处理,测定辣椒生长、产量和品质等相关指标。并通过主成分分析法对不同施肥处理辣椒生长性状、品质及产量的表现进行评价。不同施肥处理中,T1和T2处理表现较好,其中T1处理株高和茎粗较CK增长了13.83%和22.07%,可溶性蛋白质含量较CK增加了104.15%,产量较CK处理增长了22.30%。T2处理辣椒根系活力最强,较CK增加了37.48%,维生素C含量和可溶性糖含量最高,分别较CK增加了20.42%和9.69%,但产量低于CK。通过主成分分析,各处理综合得分由高到低为T1>CK>T2>T4>T3。化肥减施18%为辣椒最适施肥量,该水平施肥量对促进辣椒生长、增产提质效果最优。

To study the effects of chemical fertilizer reduction on growth,yield and quality of greenhouse pepper,five treatments including conventional fertilization(CK),chemical fertilizer reduction by 18%(T1),chemical fertilizer reduction by 28%(T2),chemical fertilizer reduction by 38%(T3)and chemical fertilizer reduction by 48%(T4)were respectively set to measure the growth,yield and quality of pepper.Principal component analysis was used to evaluate the growth characteristics,quality and yield of pepper under different fertilization treatments.The results showed that T1 and T2 treatments had better performance among different fertilization treatments.The plant height and stem diameter of T1 treatment increased by 13.83%and 22.07%,soluble protein content increased by 104.15%and yield increased by 22.30%compared with CK treatment.The root activity of T2 was the highest,which increased by 37.48%compared with CK,and the vitamin C and soluble sugar content were the highest,which increased by 20.42%and 9.69%compared with CK,respectively,but the yield was lower than CK.Through principal component analysis,the comprehensive score of each treatment group from high to low was T1>CK>T2>T4>T3.In conclusion,18%reduction of chemical fertilizer was the optimal fertilizer application level for pepper,which had the best effect on promoting growth,increasing yield and improving quality of pepper.