基于注视熵的核电厂数字化主控室操纵员认知负荷研究

Research on the cognitive load of operators in the digital main control room of nuclear power plant based on gaze entropy

探讨了核电厂数字化控制室中,基于计算机屏幕操作的操纵员认知负荷与注视熵(凝视静止注视熵和注视转移熵)之间的关系,找到了一种客观的操纵员认知负荷评价方法。研究在DCS模拟机上对正常工况和事故工况进行模拟试验。首先,利用NASA TLX量表对2种工况下操纵员的认知负荷进行测量,佩戴眼动仪对试验过程中的眼动数据进行收集。其次,通过Python语言对眼动数据进行编程,计算出注视熵的值。最后,通过对上述2组数据进行SPSS方差分析和相关性分析,结果表明,认知负荷F=61.017(p<0.05),SGE的F=2.86(p<0.1),GTE的F=11.117(p<0.05),注视熵与认知负荷在0.05的水平上显著正相关。进而得出结论:注视熵越大,认知负荷越大,注视熵可以作为测量操纵员认知负荷的一项有效指标。

The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between the gaze entropy of operators and their cognitive load in the digital control room of a nuclear power plant.The research aims at building an objective method to evaluate the operator's cognitive load based on experiments.The experiments are carried out on a DCS simulator.The experiment scenario covers normal and accident(SLOCA)situations of operation on a reactor simulator.The subjects wore an eye-glass tracker to record the eye movement data while they monitor and control on the primary circuit.After each simulation,the subjects fill in the NASA TLX scale to record the cognitive load according to their subjective feelings during the experiment.Data in the eye tracker is collected and analyzed using Python programming.SPSS data analysis software is used to analyze the variance of cognitive load and gaze entropy to determine whether a significant difference exists between cognitive load and gaze entropy of operators under different scenarios.Finally,the correlation between gaze entropy and the operator's cognitive load was analyzed to prove whether there is a significant correlation between them.The results show that the F of the cognitive load is 61.017(p<0.05),the F of SGE is 2.86(p<0.1),and the F of GTE is 11.117(p<0.05),which proves that the cognitive load and gaze entropy of operators change synchronously.Compared with normal working conditions,the cognitive load and gaze entropy of operators under accident working conditions are higher.Under normal working conditions,the correlation coefficients between SGE and GTE and cognitive load are 0.476(p<0.05)and 0.552(p<0.05),respectively.Under accident conditions,the correlation coefficients between SGE and GTE and cognitive load are 0.746(p<0.05)and 0.738(p<0.05),respectively.The experiment results show that the gaze entropy is positively correlated with the operator's cognitive load,the greater the operator's cognitive load,the greater the gaze entropy.Gaze entropy can be used as an effective index to measure the operator's cognitive load.This paper provides a new method of operator's cognitive load measurement in nuclear power plants.