老年人健康促进“体医教”新模式构建研究

Research on the Construction of the New Model of"Exercise-Medicine-Education"for Health Promotion of the Senior Citizens

目的:健康中国战略对老年人的健康促进、生活质量和服务模式提出了新要求,据此在中医学理论和多种成熟理念的指导下构建老年人“体医教”新模式。方法:从社会服务供给侧和老年群体需求侧开展模式构建的初选指标、注意事项等问卷调查,问卷有效回收率分别为89.7%和95.6%。随后组织专家问卷调查,运用层次分析法,对4个模块20项指标进行权重关系和影响程度的分析。结果:根据成对比较判断优先矩阵,采用一致性指标CI值和CR值检验,CI=0.031,CR=0.034,均小于0.1,权重系数可以接受,无逻辑混乱情况,由此构建了新模式的主体部分“任务内容四个模块(健身气功、保健推拿、健康宣教、保障协调)和二十指标系统设计”。结论:老年人“体医教”新模式具有中医特色和理念创新,体现了特色针对性和普及推广性的特点,是一个“多方合作共建共进,健练养学融合优势”的中国方案。

Objective:With the implementation of Healthy China Strategy,there were new requirements on healthy promotion,quality of life and service model for the senior citizens.Based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and diversified developed concepts,this paper put forward a new healthy model of"Exercise-Medicine-Education"for the senior citizens.Method:A questionnaire survey was conducted on the primary indicators and precautions for model construction from the supply side of social services and the demand side of the elderly population.The effective response rates of the questionnaire were 89.7%and 95.6%,respectively.Subsequently,an expert questionnaire survey was organized to analyze the weight relationship and impact degree of 20 indicators in 4 modules using the analytic hierarchy process.Results:According to the judgment priority matrix of pairwise comparison,the CI value and CR value of consistency indicators were used to test,CI=0.031,CR=0.034,both less than 0.1,the weight coefficient was acceptable,and there was no logical confusion.Therefore,the main part of the new model was constructed,which included"four modules of task content(fitness Qigong,health massage,health education,and security coordination)and a design of a twenty indicator system".Conclusion:The new model of"Exercise-Medicine-Education"for the senior citizens has the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine and innovative concepts,reflecting the characteristics of targeted and popularized promotion.The new healthy model with Chinese characteristics is a distinctive project with"multi-cooperation,joint construction and progress,and integration advantages in health training,preservation and education".