2021年度我院药品不良反应统计与分析

Statistics and analysis of adverse drug reactions in our hospital in 2021

目的分析本院药品不良反应(ADRs)发生的规律及特点,促进本院合理用药。方法通过国家药品不良反应监测系统,收集2021年本院上报的药品不良反应98例并进行回顾性分析。结果98例药品不良反应患者中以中老年女性为主,其中女性在疾病诊疗过程中药品不良反应发生率明显高于男性,本院住院患者药品不良反应主要发生于中年人和老年人,未成年人及青年人较少。多数不良反应药物给药途径主要是静脉输入,口服与外用较少,口服与外用药发生不良反应症状也较轻,患者恢复较快。发生不良反应前5位的药品种类分别为抗菌药物(18.37%)、肠外营养药及氨基酸制剂(14.29%)、中药注射剂(10.20%)、心血管系统药(9.18%)、调节水盐、电解质及酸碱平衡(8.16%)。本院药品不良反应大多发生在用药30 min内,以用药5~30 min发生最多,用药30 min后药品不良反应发生较少。以皮肤、消化系统及心脑血管系统异常为主要表现。结论临床应加强药品不良反应监测和上报,对其做到早发现、早治疗,避免给患者带来不必要损害。

Objective To analyze the laws and characteristics of adverse drug reactions(ADRs)in our hospital and promote rational drug use in our hospital.Methods Through the National Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring System,98 cases of adverse drug reactions reported in our hospital in 2021 were collected for retrospective analysis.Results 98 patients with adverse drug reactions were mainly middle-aged and elderly women,among which the incidence of adverse drug reactions in the process of disease diagnosis and treatment of women was significantly higher than that of men.The adverse drug reactions of inpatients in our hospital mainly occurred in middle-aged and elderly people,and less in minors and young people.Most of the adverse drug reactions were mainly administered intravenously,oral and external use were less frequent,and the symptoms of oral and external drug reactions were less severe,and patients recovered fast.Top 5 types of drugs with adverse reactions were antibacterial drugs(18.37%),parenteral nutrition drugs and amino acid preparations(14.29%),traditional Chinese medicine injections(10.20%),cardiovascular agents(9.18%),regulation of water,salt,electrolyte and acid-base balance(8.16%).In our hospital,most adverse drug reactions occurred within 30 min of medication,with the most occurring within 5-30 min of medication,and less occurred after 30 min of medication.Abnormal skin,digestive system and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system were the main manifestations.Conclusion Clinical monitoring and reporting of adverse drug reactions should be strengthened,and early detection and treatment should be achieved to avoid unnecessary damage to patients.