金属增材制造过程熔池动态监测研究综述

Review of dynamic monitoring of metal additive manufacturing process

金属增材制造技术是近年来信息技术、新材料技术与制造技术等多学科融合发展的先进制造技术之一,然而,制件质量稳定性差和工艺可重复性低等缺点限制了该技术的广泛应用。其主要原因是金属增材制造过程是一个复杂的多物理场耦合的动态过程,而熔池作为重要载体包含着丰富的过程特征信息。熔池动态特征信息与制件质量和工艺可重复性密切相关,因此监测熔池动态能够为提高制件质量和工艺可重复性提供有力的数据支撑。通过对该领域文献的调研,总结了金属增材制造过程中熔池温度和形貌动态监测技术的研究现状,分析了现有技术存在的问题,展望了未来金属增材制造过程动态监测的研究方向和技术方法。

Metal additive manufacturing technology is an advanced manufacturing technology integrating the information technology,new material technology,and manufacturing technology.However,the wide application of additive manufacturing is limited by some drawbacks,such as the poor product quality stability and low process repeatability.The metal additive manufacturing process is a complex process coupling multi-physics,and the molten pool containing plenty of information on process characteristics as an important carrier.These dynamic characteristics of the molten pool are closely related to the quality of the part and the repeatability of the process.Therefore,monitoring the dynamics of the molten pool can provide strong data support for improving the quality of the part and the repeatability of the process.Through the literature review,the research status of the dynamic monitoring technology of the molten pool temperature and morphology was summarized,the existing problems were analyzed,and the future research directions and technical methods of dynamic monitoring for the metal additive manufacturing process were prospected.