明代士人的秩序追求与探索心态——以灾害解读为视角

Order Pursuit and Exploration Mentality of Scholars in the Ming Dynasty:From the Perspective of Disaster Interpretation

灾害是传统的政治文化符号,常被明人借之以解读政治社会秩序和人与自然关系。明代士人对各类灾害的解读,表达了他们对社会现状的不满与无奈情绪,也寄托了调整合理的政治秩序、维护儒家传统道德秩序和构建和谐的人与自然关系等多种内心夙愿。以灾为镜像的时代认知方式,不仅为明人积极诠释未知世界的探索精神提供展现平台,还推进了对人性论的阐发和思考进程。

Disaster is traditional political and cultural symbols,which were often used by people in the Ming Dynasty to interpret political and social order and the relationship between human and nature.The scholars’interpretation of disasters in the Ming Dynasty expressed their dissatisfaction and helplessness with the current social situation,and also placed their long-cherished wishes on adjusting the reasonable political order,maintaining the traditional Confucian moral order and building a harmonious relationship between human and nature.The cognitive way of with disasters as a mirror image not only provided a platform for the scholars to actively interpret the exploration spirit of the unknown world,but also promoted the process of elucidating and thinking about the theory of humanity in the Ming Dynasty.