“彝海结盟”与长征前后中国共产党对彝族认知的演变

The “Yihai Alliance” and the Evolution of CPC’s Cognition ofthe Yi Ethnic Group before and after the Long March

红军长征进入四川彝区后,通过“彝海结盟”等一系列政治互动,中共军政干部对凉山彝族进行了近距离的观察,并以唯物史观、社会进化论和阶级斗争等视角对其加以审视。“彝海结盟”和穿越凉山彝区的长征经历,使得彝族作为一个重要的少数民族,从此被纳入中共的革命叙事和民族国家叙事,由此影响到当代中国的民族格局。“彝海结盟”与中共军政干部对于凉山彝族的“革命民族志”书写,形塑和发展了彝汉“弟兄民族”的历史关系,也为中华人民共和国成立后凉山彝区的社会政治变革埋下了伏笔。

When the Red Army entered the Yi districts in Sichuan Province during the Long March,CPC’s military and political officials conducted close observations on the Liangshan Yi people through a series of political interactions such as the“Yihai Alliance”,examining them from the perspectives of historical materialism,social evolutionism,and class struggle.The“Yihai Alliance”and the experiences of walking across the Liangshan Yi districts in the Long March rendered the Yi people an important ethnic minority.The Yi ethnic group was incorporated into the revolutionary narrative and the nation-state narrative of the CPC,thus influencing the ethnic pattern in Contemporary China.The“Yihai Alliance”and the“revolutionary ethnographic”writings on the Liangshan Yi people from CPC’s military and political officials shaped and developed the historical relations of Yi-Han“brotherly ethnic groups”,foreshadowing the social and political changes in the Liangshan Yi districts after the founding of the People’s Republic of China.