柿种质资源炭疽病抗性评价及病原菌分离鉴定

Investigation of Resistance Resources and Identification of Anthracnose in Persimmon

依托国家柿种质资源圃,观察记载了柿炭疽病主要发病部位及症状表型,并对479份常见柿资源材料的炭疽病抗性进行评价。结果表明,柿炭疽病原菌主要浸染嫩枝、果实及叶片。通过对柿枝条及果实炭疽病表型的田间调查,将479份常见柿资源材料分为高抗、抗病、中抗、感病、高感5种抗性等级,其中高抗和抗病种质分别有66和35份(占比分别为13.8%和7.3%),代表种质分别为郧阳火柿和黄边小鸡心等;中抗种质有119份(24.8%),包括富有、次郎等;感病及高感种质分别有209和50份(占比分别为43.6%和10.4%),代表种质分别为富平尖柿和骏河等。从叶片、枝条、果实中分离出病原菌,综合菌落、菌丝、孢子形态特征及多基因序列比对,发现其为哈锐炭疽病原菌(Colletotrichum horii)。

The main incidence site and symptom phenotype of anthrax disease for 479 common persimmon germplasms were observed and recorded in National Field Genebank for Persimmon.The results showed that the anthrax pathogen mainly infected twigs,fruits,and leaves of persimmon.Based on the disease symptoms of persimmon branches and fruit in the field,479 accessions were divided into five resistance levels,including highly resistant,resistant,moderate resistant,susceptible,and highly susceptible.Sixty-six germplasms(13.8% of this collection)were highly resistant(representative varieties,e.g.Yunyang Huoshi);35 germplasms(e.g.Huangbian Xiaojixin)were resistant to anthracnose(7.3%);119 germplasms(e.g.Fuyu and Jiro)showed moderate resistance(24.8%);209 germplasms(e.g.Fuping Jianshi)were susceptible(43.6%);50 accessions(e.g.Suruga)were highly susceptible(10.4%).Pathogenic bacteria were isolated from leaves,branches and fruits.According to the morphological characteristics of colonies,mycelia and spores and the sequence alignment of multiple genes,all of them were identified as Colletotrichum horii.