精神分裂症孕妇口服抗精神疾病药物对子代生长发育的影响

Effects of Oral Antipsychotic Drugs on Offspring Growth and Development in Pregnant Women with Schizophrenia

目的:探讨精神分裂症(SC)孕妇口服不同抗精神疾病药物对子代生长发育的影响。方法:选取2021年1—12月在广西壮族自治区脑科医院住院或门诊治疗的SC孕妇50例作为研究对象,依据用药情况的不同分为研究1、2、3、4、5、6组,另选取体检健康孕妇50例作为对照组。研究1组(8例)口服氯氮平,研究2组(8例)口服奥氮平,研究3组(8例)口服利培酮,研究4组(9例)口服阿立哌唑,研究5组(9例)口服喹硫平,研究6组(8例)口服齐拉西酮。比较新生儿出生1 min、5 min阿普加评分(Apgar评分)及出生时、出生后6个月、12个月身高和体重。结果:研究1、2、3、4、5、6组与对照组新生儿出生1 min、5 min Apgar评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究1、2、3、4、5、6组新生儿出生体重低于对照组,研究1组6个月、12个月新生儿体重低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究1、2、3、4、5、6组新生儿出生时、6个月、12个月身高与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:SC孕妇在接受不同抗精神疾病药物治疗后对子代生长发育影响较小,其中氯氮平会降低新生儿体重,故临床中需依据孕期具体情况为患者选择合适的药物,以保障孕妇与胎儿的生命安全。

Objective:To investigate the effects of different antipsychotic drugs taken orally by pregnant women with schizophrenia(SC)on offspring growth and development.Methods:Fifty cases of pregnant women with SC who were hospitalized or treated as outpatients in the Brain Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from January to December 2021 were selected as the study subjects,and were divided into Study 1,2,3,4,5,and 6 groups based on different medications,and fifty cases of physically examined healthy pregnant women were also selected as the control group.Study group 1(eight cases)received oral clozapine,study group 2(eight cases)received oral olanzapine,study group 3(eight cases)received oral risperidone,study group 4(nine cases)received oral aripiprazole,study group 5(nine cases)received oral quetiapine,and study group 6(eight cases)received oral ziprasidone.Neonates were compared for 1 min and 5 min Apgar score at birth and height and weight at birth,6 months and 12 months after birth.Results:Comparison of neonatal 1 min,5 min Apgar scores at birth between study groups 1,2,3,4,5,and 6 and the control group showed no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).The birth weight of newborns in study groups 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 was lower than that of the control group,and the weight of newborns in study group 1 at 6 months and 12 months was lower than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The height of newborns at birth,6 months and 12 months in study groups 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 was not statistically significant when compared with the control group(P>0.05).Conclusion:SC pregnant women receiving different antipsychotic drugs have less impact on offspring growth and development,among which clozapine reduces neonatal body weight,therefore,it is necessary to choose appropriate drugs for patients according to the specific conditions of pregnancy in the clinic in order to safeguard the lives of pregnant women and fetuses.