青年缺血性脑卒中的病因及危险因素分析

Etiology and Risk Factors Analysis of Ischemic Stroke in Young People

目的分析青年人群发生缺血性脑卒中的病因,探究其影响因素。方法选取本院2022年3-12月收治的84例青年缺血性脑卒中患者以及同期于本院接受体检的80例健康体检者作为研究对象,分别作为观察组和对照组,结合两组的基本资料进行分析,对比既往史、个人史、实验室检查结果,判断青年人群发生缺血性脑卒中的危险因素。收集患者出院后1个月、3个月、6个月的随访资料,与基线资料进行对比,评价其预后。结果观察组青年缺血性脑卒中患者与对照组体检者在性别比例、年龄方面无显著差异(P>0.05)。观察组中,高血压、血脂异常、高同型半胱氨酸、高血糖、吸烟习惯、饮酒习惯、脑卒中家族史,均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结合多因素Logistic回归分析结果,判断青年缺血性脑卒中的危险因素[(高血压、血脂异常、高同型半胱氨酸、高血糖、吸烟习惯、饮酒习惯、脑卒中家族史)(OR=6.939、7.287、7.965、4.394、3.381、3.224、3.195)]。分析患者的随访资料,将其与入院后24h内神经功能评估结果、出院时预后分析结果进行对比,患者出院后1个月、3个月、6个月的美国国立卫生院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、脑卒中改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分均显著降低(P<0.05)。结论通过对青年缺血性脑卒中病因及危险因素的分析,可以了解脑卒中家族史、高血压、血脂异常、高血糖以及不良生活习惯对于青年人群发生缺血性脑卒中的影响,能够为疾病的防治提供有价值的参考依据,进而有效提高疾病的防治效果。

Objective To analyze causes of ischemic stroke in young people and explore its influencing factors.Methods The paper chose 84 young patients with ischemic stroke admitted to our hospital from March to December 2022 and 80 healthy individuals with physical examinations during the same period as study objects,and divided them into observation group and control group respectively.Based on baseline data of two groups,risk factors for ischemic stroke in young population were analyzed by comparing past history,personal history and laboratory examination results.Follow-up data of patients at 1 month,3 months and 6 months after discharge were collected,prognosis was evaluated based on baseline data comparison.Results There was no significant difference in gender ratio and age between young ischemic stroke patients in observation group and control group(P>0.05).Hypertension,dyslipidemia,hyperhomocysteine,hyperglycemia,smoking habits,drinking habits and family history of stroke in observation group were significantly higher than control group(P<0.05).Based on multivariate logistic regression analysis,risk factors of young ischemic stroke were diagnosed,[including(hypertension,dyslipidemia,hyperhomocysteine,hyperglycemia,smoking habits,drinking habits,family history of stroke)(OR=6.939,7.287,7.965,4.394,3.381,3.224,3.195)].The paper analyzed follow-up data of patients,compared them with neurological function assessment results within 24 hours after admission,prognosis analysis results at discharge,and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)scores and Stroke Modified Rankin Scale(mRS)scores of patients were significantly reduced at 1 month,3 months and 6 months after discharge(P<0.05).Conclusion Based on causes and risk factors analysis of young people with ischemic stroke,we can understand effect of family history of stroke,hypertension,dyslipidemia,hyperglycemia and bad living habits on young people with ischemic stroke,which can provide valuable reference for disease prevention and treatment and improve effect of disease prevention and treatment effectively.