过渡期儿童青少年糖尿病患者参与健康照护意向现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on the status and influencing factors of health care intention in transitional children and adolescents with diabetes

目的调查过渡期儿童青少年糖尿病患者参与健康照护意向现状,并分析其影响因素。方法本研究为横断面调查研究。采用便利抽样法选取2021年3-10月江苏大学附属人民医院185例过渡期儿童青少年糖尿病患者为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、参与健康照护意向问卷、健康素养量表和糖尿病自我管理量表对其进行调查,采用多元线性回归分析该人群参与健康照护意向的影响因素。结果过渡期儿童青少年糖尿病参与健康照护意向总分为(124.87±16.31)分,健康素养总分为(33.70±4.38)分,糖尿病自我管理总分为(35.11±5.19)分。回归分析发现,年龄、病程、糖尿病类型、家庭结构模式、健康素养、自我管理能力是青少年参与健康照护意向的主要影响因素(t值为-1.99~2.66,均P<0.05),其中健康素养能力和疾病管理能力与其呈正相关(r=0.250.0.232,均P<0.01)。结论过渡期儿童青少年糖尿病患者参与健康照护意向处于中等水平;年龄越大、病程越长、核心家庭结构的过渡期儿童青少年参与健康照护意向水平较高;健康素养和自我管理水平越高的患者,参与健康照护意向水平越高,医护人员应采取针对性措施来提高患者参与健康照护意向,促进该群体提高疾病管理能力和健康素养水平。

Objective To investigate the intention to participate in health care in transitional children and adolescents with diabetes and analyze its influencing factors.Methods This was a cross-sectional survey study.From March to October 2021,185 children and adolescents with diabetes were selected as research subjects by convenience sampling method from People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University.General data questionnaire,Participation in Health Care Intention Questionnaire,Health Literacy Scale and Diabetes Self-management Scale were used to investigate,and multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the population's intention to participate in health care.Results The transitional children and adolescents with diabetes participation in health care intention total score was(124.87±16.31)points,the health literacy total score was(33.70±4.38)points,diabetes self-management total score was(35.11±5.19)points.The regression analysis found that age,course of the disease,diabetes type,family structure modes,health literacy,and self-management ability were the main factors influencing adolescents involved in health care intention(t values were-1.99-2.66,all P<0.05),including health literacy ability and disease management ability was positively correlated with the disease(r=0.250,0.232,both P<0.01).Conclusions The transitional children and adolenscents with diabetes have a medium level of intention to participate in health care.The transitional children andadolenscents with older age,longer disease course and nuclear family structure had higher levels of healthcare intention.The higher the level of health literacy and self-management,the higher the level ofintention to participate in health care,medical staff should take targeted measures to improve the intentionto participate in health care,promote this group to improve disease management ability and quality of life.