综合护理干预对彩超引导下经皮静脉球囊扩张术治疗血液透析动静脉内瘘狭窄患者的效果

Effect of Comprehensive Nursing Intervention on Color Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Venous Balloon Dilation in Treatment of Arteriovenous Fistula Stenosis in Hemodialysis Patients

目的:探讨综合护理干预对彩超引导下经皮静脉球囊扩张术治疗血液透析动静脉内瘘狭窄患者的效果。方法:选取2022年1—12月于南宁市第一人民医院行彩超引导下经皮静脉球囊扩张术治疗血液透析动静脉内瘘狭窄的78例尿毒症患者作为研究对象,随机分为观察组与对照组,各39例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上进行综合护理干预。比较两组手术前后内瘘自然流量、透析血流速度、狭窄处内径、术后不良反应发生情况及术后3、6个月内瘘畅通率。结果:护理后,两组内瘘自然流量、透析血流速度、狭窄处内径均大于护理前,且观察组大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。观察组不良反应总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。术后3、6个月,两组内瘘畅通率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:综合护理干预应用于彩超引导下经皮静脉球囊扩张术治疗血液透析动静脉内瘘狭窄患者的效果显著,可提高内瘘自然流量、透析血流速度、狭窄处内径,降低不良反应发生率,保障内瘘畅通率,值得临床推广。

Objective:To investigate the effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on color ultrasound-guided percutaneous ve-nous balloon dilation in the treatment of arteriovenous fistula stenosis in hemodialysis patients.Methods:A total of 78 uremia pa-tients treated with hemodialysis who received color ultrasound-guided percutaneous venous balloon dilation for the treatment of ar-teriovenous fistula stenosis in the First People′s Hospital of Nanning from January 2022 to December 2022 were selected as the study subjects.They were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 39 cases in each group.The control group was given routine nursing.On the basis of the control group,the observation group received comprehensive nursing interven-tion.The natural flow of internal fistula,dialysis blood flow velocity and stenosis diameter before and after surgery,occurrence of postoperative complications,and internal fistula patency rate at postoperative 3 months and 6 months were compared between two groups.Results:After nursing,the natural flow of internal fistula,dialysis blood flow velocity and stenosis diameter in two groups were higher than those before nursing,and the observation group was higher than the control group,and the difference was statisti-cally significant(P<0.001).The total incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).At 3 and 6 months after surgery,there was no significant differ-ence in the patency rate of internal fistula between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:The comprehensive nursing intervention applied in color ultrasound-guided percutaneous venous balloon dilation in the treatment of arteriovenous fistula stenosis in hemo-dialysis patients has a significant effect,it can increase the natural flow of internal fistula,dialysis blood flow velocity,and stenosis diameter,reduce the incidence of adverse reactions,and ensure the patency rate of internal fistula,which is worthy of clinical pro-motion.