中国儒家典籍对欧洲启蒙运动思想的影响

Influence of Chinese Confucian Classics on the Thoughts of the European Enlightenment Movement

文章从儒家“民为邦本”“为政以德”治国理念对欧洲民主政体确立的影响、儒家“用人之道”对欧洲启蒙学者反对贵族世袭的影响、儒家“天命论”及重农思想对启蒙时期法国重农学派“自然法则”和“重农”观点形成的影响、儒家“天人合一”哲学思想对启蒙学派反对中世纪教会思想束缚的影响,以及儒家“有教无类”平民教育思想对欧洲启蒙学者推行教育世俗化和普及化的影响五方面阐述中国儒家典籍对欧洲启蒙运动思想的深远影响。深刻理解和认识这些影响对于增强中华文明传播力和影响力、推动中华文化更好地走向世界具有重要意义。

This article discusses the profound influence of Confucianism,represented by the"people as the foundation of a country"and"governing with virtue"governing principles,on the establishment of democratic political systems in Europe.It also explores the impact of Confucianisms"way of selecting and employing personnel"on Enlightenment thinkers opposition to aristocratic hereditary systems,and the influence of Confucianisms mandate of heaven and agricultural thoughts on the French physiocratic school during the Enlightenment period.Additionally,this article examines the impact of Confucianisms philosophy of"unity of heaven and man"on Enlightenment thinkers'resistance against medieval church thinking and the influence of Confucianism's egalitarian education philosophy on Enlightenment thinkers promotion of secular and universal education.This article elaborates the far-reaching impact of Confucian classics on the European Enlightenment from five dimensions.This article argues that a deep understanding of these influences of Confucian classics is of great significance for enhancing the dissemination and impact of Chinese civilization and for promoting the better dissemination of Chinese culture to the world.