行为抑制系统和大学生社交焦虑:正念和负性认知偏向的多重中介作用

Behavioral inhibition system and social anxiety among college students:multiple mediating effect of mindfulness and negative cognitive bias

目的:探讨大学生正念及负性认知偏向在行为抑制系统与社交焦虑之间的作用。方法:2021年10月12日至11月8日,选取747名天津市某高校大学生作为研究对象,使用行为抑制系统量表(the behavioral inhibition system scales,BIS)、正念注意觉知量表(the mindful attention awareness scale,MAAS)、负性认知加工偏向问卷(the negative cognitive processing bias questionnaire,NCPBQ)和社交回避及苦恼量表(the social avoidance and distress scale,SAD)进行评估,采用SPSS 20.0和Mplus 8.0进行描述性统计、相关性分析以及中介效应检验。结果:行为抑制系统、社交焦虑、正念及负性认知偏向得分分别为(15.3±2.4)分,(12.7±7.2)分,(3.4±0.8)分和(45.6±11.5)分。BIS、NCPBQ、SAD得分两两之间呈正相关(r=0.27~0.49,均P<0.001),MAAS得分与BIS、NCBPQ、SAD得分均呈负相关(r=-0.33~-0.28,均P<0.001)。行为抑制系统通过3条路径对社交焦虑产生影响,其中,正念的中介效应值为0.04,占总效应的16.0%;负性认知偏向的中介效应值为0.17,占总效应的68.0%;二者的链式中介效应值为0.04,占总效应的16.0%。结论:大学生行为抑制系统对社交焦虑的影响分别受到正念、负性认知偏向的单独中介作用以及二者的链式中介作用。

ObjectiveTo explore the role of mindfulness and negative cognitive bias between behavioral inhibition system and social anxiety among college students.MethodsFrom October 12th to November 8th of 2012,a total of 747 college students from a university in Tianjin were sampled and assessed using the behavioral inhibition system scale(BIS),the mindful attention awareness scale(MAAS),the negative cognitive processing bias questionnaire(NCPBQ),and the social avoidance and distress scale(SAD).Descriptive statistics,correlation analysis,and tests for mediating effects were performed by SPSS 20.0 and Mplus 8.0.ResultsThe scores of behavioral inhibition system,social anxiety,mindfulness and negative cognitive bias were(15.3±2.4),(12.7±7.2),(3.4±0.8)and(45.6±11.5),respectively.The scores of BIS,NCPBQ,and SAD were positively correlated with each other(r=0.27-0.49,all P<0.001).The scores of MAAS were negatively correlated with the scores of BIS,NCBPQ,and SAD(r=-0.33--0.28,all P<0.001).The behavioral inhibition system exerted its influence on social anxiety through three pathways.The mediating effect size of mindfulness was 0.04,accounting for 16.0%of the total effect.The mediating effect size of negative cognitive bias was 0.17,accounting for 68.0%of the total effect.And the chain mediating effect size of mindfulness and negative cognitive bias was 0.04,accounting for 16.0%of the total effect.ConclusionThe effects of behavioral inhibition system on social anxiety in college students are individually mediated by mindfulness and negative cognitive biases,as well as their chain mediating effects.