启动效应视域下红色档案建构集体记忆的机理与方法

Mechanism and Methods of Constructing Collective Memory with Red Archives from the Perspective of Priming Effect

红色档案对集体记忆的建构具有重要作用,实践中红色档案建构集体记忆在受众心理层面存在档案距离感强、资源吸引力不足和成果触动不深等障碍。如何更好地利用红色档案建构中华民族集体记忆,需要对记忆活动本身进行研究。心理学中的启动效应理论对利用红色档案建构集体记忆具有重要指导价值,其作用机理表现在识记、保持、再认和回忆三个方面。对该机理进行研究,可从心理学角度加深对利用红色档案建构集体记忆的认识。文章认为应从关注红色档案利用场域、提高红色档案开发广度和深度、重视红色档案开发成果呈现等方面下功夫,充分利用启动效应促进红色档案建构集体记忆。

Red archives play an important role in the construction of collective memory.In practice,there are obstacles to construct collective memory with red archives in terms of audience psychology,such as strong archival distance,insufficient attractiveness of resources and poorly touched results.How to make better use of red archives to construct Chinese national collective memory requires a study of the memory activity itself.The theory of priming effect in psychology is an important guide to use the red archives to construct collective memory.Its mechanism of action is manifested in three aspects:memorizing,retention,recognition and recall.The study of this mechanism can deepen the understanding of the use of the red archives to construct collective memory from a psychological perspective.Efforts should be made to focus on the utilization context of the red archives,improve the breadth and depth of the red archives development,and pay more attention to the presentation of the results,so as to make full use of priming effect to promote the collective memory construction with the red archives.