武汉市极端气温与生态空间景观格局的影响指数及耦合特征

Influencing indexes and coupling characteristics of extreme temperature and ecological spatial pattern of landscape in Wuhan

为解析气候变化与城市生态空间格局降温效应的变化特征及两者的协调机制,通过构建指标、函数模型、数理统计等方法对武汉市2000、2010、2020年的极端气温与具有降温效应的城市生态空间格局进行量化分析,结果显示:2000、2010、2020年的极端气温综合指数分别为10.7525、21.8882和3.2575,城市生态空间景观格局综合指数分别为13032.0、11834.4和100186.5;与降温效应呈正相关的格局指数:斑块类型面积、斑块所占景观面积比例、斑块数量、斑块密度、最大斑块占景观面积比例、景观形状指数平均斑块面积、平均分维数、聚集度、结合度、邻近度在2020年数值相对早年偏小,表明武汉市生态空间的降温效应逐渐被削弱;2000、2010、2020年极端气温综合指数与城市生态空间格局综合指数的协调程度由中级协调逐降为严重失调,意味着武汉市生态空间的降温效应对极端气温的缓解作用逐渐降低。

Quantitative analyses were conducted on the extreme temperatures and urban ecological spatial patterns with cooling effects in Wuhan in 2000,2010,and 2020 by constructing indexes,functional models,and mathematical statistics to analyze the evolutionary characteristics of climate change and the cooling effect of urban ecological spatial pattern and the coordination mechanism between them.The results showed that the comprehensive index of extreme temperatures in Wuhan in 2000,2010,and 2020 showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,while the overall index of urban ecological spatial pattern showed a trend of decreasing.The pattern indices including CA,NP,PLAND,LPI,LSI and AI,that were positively correlated with cooling effects,all exhibited linear or fluctuating decline characteristics within 20 years.It is indicated that the cooling effect of ecological space in Wuhan has gradually been weakened.The coordination degree between the comprehensive index of extreme temperature and the comprehensive index of urban ecological spatial pattern in 2000,2010,and 2020 gradually decreased from intermediate coordination to severe imbalance,indicating that the cooling effect of ecological space in Wuhan on alleviating extreme temperature is gradually decreasing.