基于博弈TOPSIS的智慧工地施工安全风险评价

Safety Risk Assessment of Intelligent Site Construction Based on Game TOPSIS

针对影响智慧工地施工安全的风险因素的复杂性、模糊性问题,将组合赋权法和TOPSIS法相结合对智慧工地施工安全进行评价。首先,在对智慧工地施工的特征进行分析的基础上,运用WSR方法论,选取“人”“机”“法”“环”“管”5个要素,建立智慧工地施工安全评估指标体系,并对其进行分级。其次,运用博弈理论,将AHP方法求出的主观权重与熵权法求出的客观权值进行最优组合,从而求出综合权值;利用TOPSIS法,将其与组合权值相结合,构建接近度矩阵,对智慧工地的施工安全进行评估,并确定最终评估结果。最后,将评价结果与两个单一权重计算模型——熵权-TOPSIS和AHP-TOPSIS模型相比较。结果表明,利用博弈论方法建立的TOPSIS模型,其计算结果的准确度和有效度都较高,且与智慧工地的实际安全状况具有良好一致性,且与其他模型相比其预测结果更为精确和合理。

Aiming at the complexity and fuzziness of the risk factors affecting the construction safety of intelligent site,the combination of weighting method and TOPSIS method was proposed to assess the construction safety of intelligent site.Firstly,based on the analysis of the characteristics of intelligent site construction,WSR methodology was used to select five elements of“human”,“machine”,“method”,“ring”and“management”to establish and then grade the safety assessment index system of intelligent site construction.Secondly,using the game theory,the subjective weight obtained by AHP method and the objective weight obtained by entropy weight method were combined optimally,so as to get the comprehensive weight.Then,the TOPSIS method was used to combine it with the combined weights to construct the proximity matrix,assessing the construction safety of the intelligent site,and determining the final assessment result.Finally,the assessment results were compared with two single weight calculation models,entropy weight TOPSIS and AHP-TOPSIS.The results show that the accuracy and validity of the calculation results of the TOPSIS model established by the game theory method are high,and in good agreement with the actual safety situation of the intelligent construction site,and the prediction results are more accurate and reasonable compared with other models.