中国应急类人才培养模式现状分析与启示

Analysis and Revelation on the Status Quo of Emergency Talents Training Model in China

面对多灾害的威胁,立足全灾种、大应急的社会需要,中国应急类人才的培养模式需重新审视。通过对比中美典型大学应急类人才的培养目标、课程方案、培养过程,分析中美培养模式的差异性及其原因,进而剖析我国应急人才培养过程存在的问题,厘清应急类人才培养模式的要素,提出以社会和科技发展实际需求为导向,针对当前存在的问题,综合考虑学校定位、培养目标、课程体系、人才培养质量评估等因素,革新实践教育模式,改进应急类人才培养实施过程,制定全过程、全方位、多主体、多环节的应急类人才培养模式,促进我国高校本科应急相关专业的学科发展。

In the face of the threat of multiple disasters,based on the social needs of all kinds of disasters and major emergencies,the training mode of China’s emergency talents needs to be re-examined.This study compared the differences in training objects,curriculum programs,and training processes of undergraduate emergency-related majors in China and the United States.It also analyzed the reasons for the differences,pointed out the problems in the training process,and drew inspiration for the training of emergency talents in China.A whole-process,all-directional,multi-agent,and multi-link training mode for emergency talents based on the actual needs of social and scientific decelopment was proposed by considering the current problems,school orientation,training objectives,curriculum system,and quality evaluation of talent training,innovating the practical education mode,and improving the implementation methods of training,As a result,is was expected to promote the discipline development of undergraduate emergency related majors in colleges and universities in China.