海洋变暖对鱼类的影响研究进展

Research Progress on the Effects of Ocean Warming on Fish

全球气候变化引起海洋变暖,海水升温成为影响鱼类适合度的重要胁迫因子之一。结合国内外相关研究资料,综述了海洋变暖及相关连锁变化对鱼类生境造成的威胁,由内通过改变鱼类生理代谢及能量供给进而影响生长发育、繁殖、捕食和避敌等生命过程,由外间接影响鱼类种群数量和分布、群落组成和食物网功能、海洋生态系统生产力和服务功能。海洋变暖从基因水平到生态系统水平都可对鱼类及海洋生态系统造成诸多不利影响,且未来暖化还可能存在更深远的潜在后果。为此,本文对未来应对海洋变暖进行展望,为准确预测未来海洋气候变化趋势、保护海洋生物多样性、实现渔业发展可持续及政策制定等提供参考。

Ocean warming caused by global climate change has become one of the important stress factors affecting the fitness of fish.Combined with relevant research data at home and abroad,this paper summarizes the threats caused by ocean warming and related chain changes to fish habitat,which affect the life processes of growth,development,reproduction,predation and enemy avoidance by changing the physiological metabolism and energy supply of fish.It indirectly influences fish population quantity and distribution,community composition and food web function,marine ecosystem productivity and service function.Ocean warming has many adverse effects on fish and marine ecosystems,from the genetic level to the ecosystem level,and there may be more profound potential consequences of future warming.To this end,this paper looks forward to the future response to ocean warming,and provides information for accurately predicting the future trend of ocean climate change,protecting marine biodiversity,realizing the sustainable development of fisheries and making policies.