新时代城市民族事务治理法治化进程与创新路径

Legalization Process and Innovative Path of Urban Ethnic Affairs Governance in the New Era

伴随中国城镇化建设发展和少数民族人口向城市流动,城市民族事务在国家和社会治理中日益受到学界和实务部门关注,是市域社会治理和法治建设的重要领域。城市民族事务治理及法治化进程经历了孕育时期、初创时期及发展时期。虽然城市民族事务治理法治化已经取得了巨大成果,但由于城市民族事务的复杂性、关联性及综合性,目前在立法、司法、执法、守法方面仍存在不足和问题。应健全城市民族事务法律体系,并坚持德法互济以巩固法治化基础;正视习惯法功能,并融合正式制度与非正式制度以促进司法公正;加强执法服务理念并建立参与型、协同化的执法模式以助力城市民族事务治理;强化国家、社会、个体三层面自上而下与自下而上相结合的常态化治理机制,四位一体推动城市民族事务治理法治化。

With the development of urbanization in China and the migration of ethnic minorities to cities,urban ethnic affairs have gained increasing attention from academia and practical sectors,making it an important area in regional social governance and the construction of rule of law.The governance and legalization process of urban ethnic affairs has gone through the stages of incubation,initial establishment,and development.Although significant achievements have been made in the legalization of urban ethnic affairs governance,there are still deficiencies and issues in legislation,judicature,law enforcement,and compliance due to the complexity,interdependence,and comprehensiveness of urban ethnic affairs.It is necessary to improve the legal framework of urban ethnic affairs,consolidate the foundation of rule of law by combining moral principles with legal principles.The functionality of customary law should be recognized and integrated with formal and informal systems to promote judicial justice.The enforcement of services should be strengthened by establishing a participatory and collaborative law enforcement model to facilitate the governance of urban ethnic affairs.It is also crucial to strengthen the normalization of governance mechanisms that combine top-down and bottom-up approaches at the national,social,and individual levels to promote the legalization of urban ethnic affairs governance.