基于金属盐溶液的纤维素溶解及其应用研究进展

Research and application progress on dissolution of cellulose in metal salt solutions

纤维素是自然界储量最丰富的可再生生物质资源,其绿色高值化利用在实现“双碳”和“循环经济”目标中起到重要作用。纤维素的绿色高效溶解是实现其高值化利用重要途径之一。众多纤维素溶剂体系存在价格昂贵、毒性和环境威胁、溶解工艺复杂、溶解效率低、溶剂回收困难和能耗高等问题。金属盐溶液体系具有稳定性高、价格便宜,同时溶解纤维素速度快、溶解工艺简单等特点,是更具应用前景的低成本绿色溶剂。该文综述了不同金属盐溶液溶解纤维素的溶解机理,总结了影响溶解性能的关键因素,并进一步介绍了基于不同金属盐溶液溶解纤维素在薄膜材料、凝胶材料以及复合材料等领域的应用研究进展,总结并展望了金属盐溶液在纤维素溶解及功能化应用方面的优势、不足及发展方向。

Cellulose is the most abundant renewable biomass resource in nature,and its high value green utilization plays an important role in realizing the goal of"double carbon"and"circular economy".The green and efficient dissolution of cellulose is one of the important ways to realize its high value utilization.Many cellulose solvent systems are expensive,environmentally toxic with complex dissolution process,low dissolution efficiency,difficult solvent recovery and high energy consumption.Metal salt solution system,with the advantages of high stability,low price,fast cellulose dissolution and so on,is a low-cost green solvent with promising application prospects.Herein,the cellulose dissolution mechanism in different metal salt solutions as well as key factors affecting the dissolution performance was summarized.The application research progress of cellulose dissolved by different metal salt solutions in thin film materials,gel materials and composite materials was then introduced.Finally,the advantages,disadvantages and development directions of metal salt solutions in cellulose dissolution and functional application were discussed.